diff --git a/vec2.lua b/vec2.lua
index e712228..b58c65a 100644
--- a/vec2.lua
+++ b/vec2.lua
@@ -16,17 +16,19 @@ function vec2:__tostring()
 	return ("(%.2f, %.2f)"):format(self.x, self.y)
 end
 
---probably-too-flexible ctor
+--ctor
 function vec2:new(x, y)
-	if type(x) == "number" or type(x) == "nil" then
-		self:sset(x or 0, y)
+	--0 init by default
+	self:scalar_set(0)
+	if type(x) == "number" then
+		self:scalar_set(x, y)
 	elseif type(x) == "table" then
 		if type(x.type) == "function" and x:type() == "vec2" then
-			self:vset(x)
+			self:vector_set(x)
 		elseif x[1] then
-			self:sset(x[1], x[2])
+			self:scalar_set(x[1], x[2])
 		else
-			self:sset(x.x, x.y)
+			self:scalar_set(x.x, x.y)
 		end
 	end
 end
@@ -40,8 +42,12 @@ function vec2:xy(x, y)
 	return vec2(x, y)
 end
 
+function vec2:polar(length, angle)
+	return vec2(length, 0):rotatei(angle)
+end
+
 function vec2:filled(v)
-	return vec2(v)
+	return vec2(v, v)
 end
 
 function vec2:zero()
@@ -63,19 +69,19 @@ make_pooled(vec2, 128)
 
 --get a pooled copy of an existing vector
 function vec2:pooled_copy()
-	return vec2:pooled():vset(self)
+	return vec2:pooled():vector_set(self)
 end
 
 --modify
 
-function vec2:sset(x, y)
+function vec2:scalar_set(x, y)
 	if not y then y = x end
 	self.x = x
 	self.y = y
 	return self
 end
 
-function vec2:vset(v)
+function vec2:vector_set(v)
 	self.x = v.x
 	self.y = v.y
 	return self
@@ -83,8 +89,8 @@ end
 
 function vec2:swap(v)
 	local sx, sy = self.x, self.y
-	self:vset(v)
-	v:sset(sx, sy)
+	self:vector_set(v)
+	v:scalar_set(sx, sy)
 	return self
 end
 
@@ -116,108 +122,74 @@ end
 --arithmetic
 -----------------------------------------------------------
 
---immediate mode
-
 --vector
-function vec2:vaddi(v)
+function vec2:vector_add(v)
 	self.x = self.x + v.x
 	self.y = self.y + v.y
 	return self
 end
 
-function vec2:vsubi(v)
+function vec2:vector_sub(v)
 	self.x = self.x - v.x
 	self.y = self.y - v.y
 	return self
 end
 
-function vec2:vmuli(v)
+function vec2:vector_mul(v)
 	self.x = self.x * v.x
 	self.y = self.y * v.y
 	return self
 end
 
-function vec2:vdivi(v)
+function vec2:vector_div(v)
 	self.x = self.x / v.x
 	self.y = self.y / v.y
 	return self
 end
 
+--alias; we're a vector library so arithmetic defaults to vector
+vec2.add = vec2.vector_add
+vec2.sub = vec2.vector_sub
+vec2.mul = vec2.vector_mul
+vec2.div = vec2.vector_div
+
 --scalar
-function vec2:saddi(x, y)
+function vec2:scalar_add(x, y)
 	if not y then y = x end
 	self.x = self.x + x
 	self.y = self.y + y
 	return self
 end
 
-function vec2:ssubi(x, y)
+function vec2:scalar_sub(x, y)
 	if not y then y = x end
 	self.x = self.x - x
 	self.y = self.y - y
 	return self
 end
 
-function vec2:smuli(x, y)
+function vec2:scalar_mul(x, y)
 	if not y then y = x end
 	self.x = self.x * x
 	self.y = self.y * y
 	return self
 end
 
-function vec2:sdivi(x, y)
+function vec2:scalar_div(x, y)
 	if not y then y = x end
 	self.x = self.x / x
 	self.y = self.y / y
 	return self
 end
 
---garbage mode
-
-function vec2:vadd(v)
-	return self:copy():vaddi(v)
-end
-
-function vec2:vsub(v)
-	return self:copy():vsubi(v)
-end
-
-function vec2:vmul(v)
-	return self:copy():vmuli(v)
-end
-
-function vec2:vdiv(v)
-	return self:copy():vdivi(v)
-end
-
-function vec2:sadd(x, y)
-	return self:copy():saddi(x, y)
-end
-
-function vec2:ssub(x, y)
-	return self:copy():ssubi(x, y)
-end
-
-function vec2:smul(x, y)
-	return self:copy():smuli(x, y)
-end
-
-function vec2:sdiv(x, y)
-	return self:copy():sdivi(x, y)
-end
-
---fused multiply-add (a + (b * t))
-
-function vec2:fmai(v, t)
+--(a + (b * t))
+--useful for integrating physics and adding directional offsets
+function vec2:fused_multiply_add(v, t)
 	self.x = self.x + (v.x * t)
 	self.y = self.y + (v.y * t)
 	return self
 end
 
-function vec2:fma(v, t)
-	return self:copy():fmai(v, t)
-end
-
 -----------------------------------------------------------
 -- geometric methods
 -----------------------------------------------------------
@@ -240,31 +212,31 @@ function vec2:distance(other)
 	return math.sqrt(self:distance_squared(other))
 end
 
---immediate mode
-
-function vec2:normalisei_both()
+function vec2:normalise_both()
 	local len = self:length()
 	if len == 0 then
 		return self, 0
 	end
-	return self:sdivi(len), len
+	return self:scalar_div(len), len
 end
 
-function vec2:normalisei()
-	local v, len = self:normalisei_both()
+function vec2:normalise()
+	local v, len = self:normalise_both()
 	return v
 end
 
-function vec2:normalisei_len()
-	local v, len = self:normalisei_both()
+function vec2:normalise_len()
+	local v, len = self:normalise_both()
 	return len
 end
 
-function vec2:inversei()
-	return self:smuli(-1)
+function vec2:inverse()
+	return self:scalar_mul(-1)
 end
 
-function vec2:rotatei(angle)
+-- angle/direction specific
+
+function vec2:rotate(angle)
 	local s = math.sin(angle)
 	local c = math.cos(angle)
 	local ox = self.x
@@ -274,7 +246,15 @@ function vec2:rotatei(angle)
 	return self
 end
 
-function vec2:rot90ri()
+function vec2:rotate_around(angle, pivot)
+	self:vector_sub(pivot)
+	self:rotate(angle)
+	self:vector_add(pivot)
+	return self
+end
+
+--fast quarter/half rotations
+function vec2:rot90r()
 	local ox = self.x
 	local oy = self.y
 	self.x = -oy
@@ -282,7 +262,7 @@ function vec2:rot90ri()
 	return self
 end
 
-function vec2:rot90li()
+function vec2:rot90l()
 	local ox = self.x
 	local oy = self.y
 	self.x = oy
@@ -290,51 +270,8 @@ function vec2:rot90li()
 	return self
 end
 
-vec2.rot180i = vec2.inversei --alias
-
-function vec2:rotate_aroundi(angle, pivot)
-	self:vsubi(pivot)
-	self:rotatei(angle)
-	self:vaddi(pivot)
-	return self
-end
-
---garbage mode
-
-function vec2:normalised()
-	return self:copy():normalisei()
-end
-
-function vec2:normalised_len()
-	local v = self:copy()
-	local len = v:normalisei_len()
-	return v, len
-end
-
-function vec2:inverse()
-	return self:copy():inversei()
-end
-
-function vec2:rotate(angle)
-	return self:copy():rotatei(angle)
-end
-
-function vec2:rot90r()
-	return self:copy():rot90ri()
-end
-
-function vec2:rot90l()
-	return self:copy():rot90li()
-end
-
 vec2.rot180 = vec2.inverse --alias
 
-function vec2:rotate_around(angle, pivot)
-	return self:copy():rotate_aroundi(angle, pivot)
-end
-
--- angle/direction specific
-
 --get the angle of this vector relative to (1, 0) 
 function vec2:angle()
 	return math.atan2(self.y, self.x)
@@ -347,180 +284,125 @@ end
 
 --lerp towards the direction of a provided vector
 --(length unchanged)
-function vec2:lerp_directioni(v, t)
-	return self:rotatei(self:angle_difference(v) * t)
-end
-
 function vec2:lerp_direction(v, t)
-	return self:copy():lerp_directioni(v, t)
+	return self:rotate(self:angle_difference(v) * t)
 end
 
 -----------------------------------------------------------
 -- per-component clamping ops
 -----------------------------------------------------------
 
-function vec2:mini(v)
+function vec2:min(v)
 	self.x = math.min(self.x, v.x)
 	self.y = math.min(self.y, v.y)
 	return self
 end
 
-function vec2:maxi(v)
+function vec2:max(v)
 	self.x = math.max(self.x, v.x)
 	self.y = math.max(self.y, v.y)
 	return self
 end
 
-function vec2:clampi(min, max)
+function vec2:clamp(min, max)
 	self.x = math.clamp(self.x, min.x, max.x)
 	self.y = math.clamp(self.y, min.y, max.y)
 	return self
 end
 
-function vec2:min(v)
-	return self:copy():mini(v)
-end
-
-function vec2:max(v)
-	return self:copy():maxi(v)
-end
-
-function vec2:clamp(min, max)
-	return self:copy():clampi(min, max)
-end
-
 -----------------------------------------------------------
 -- absolute value
 -----------------------------------------------------------
 
-function vec2:absi()
+function vec2:abs()
 	self.x = math.abs(self.x)
 	self.y = math.abs(self.y)
 	return self
 end
 
-function vec2:abs()
-	return self:copy():absi()
-end
-
 -----------------------------------------------------------
 -- sign
 -----------------------------------------------------------
 
-function vec2:signi()
+function vec2:sign()
 	self.x = math.sign(self.x)
 	self.y = math.sign(self.y)
 	return self
 end
 
-function vec2:sign()
-	return self:copy():signi()
-end
-
 -----------------------------------------------------------
 -- truncation/rounding
 -----------------------------------------------------------
 
-function vec2:floori()
+function vec2:floor()
 	self.x = math.floor(self.x)
 	self.y = math.floor(self.y)
 	return self
 end
 
-function vec2:ceili()
+function vec2:ceil()
 	self.x = math.ceil(self.x)
 	self.y = math.ceil(self.y)
 	return self
 end
 
-function vec2:roundi()
+function vec2:round()
 	self.x = math.round(self.x)
 	self.y = math.round(self.y)
 	return self
 end
 
-function vec2:floor()
-	return self:copy():floori()
-end
-
-function vec2:ceil()
-	return self:copy():ceili()
-end
-
-function vec2:round()
-	return self:copy():roundi()
-end
-
 -----------------------------------------------------------
 -- interpolation
 -----------------------------------------------------------
 
-function vec2:lerpi(other, amount)
+function vec2:lerp(other, amount)
 	self.x = math.lerp(self.x, other.x, amount)
 	self.y = math.lerp(self.y, other.y, amount)
 	return self
 end
 
-function vec2:lerp(other, amount)
-	return self:copy():lerpi(other, amount)
-end
-
-function vec2:lerp_epsi(other, amount, eps)
+function vec2:lerp_eps(other, amount, eps)
 	self.x = math.lerp_eps(self.x, other.x, amount, eps)
 	self.y = math.lerp_eps(self.y, other.y, amount, eps)
 	return self
 end
 
-function vec2:lerp_eps(other, amount, eps)
-	return self:copy():lerp_epsi(other, amount, eps)
-end
-
 -----------------------------------------------------------
 -- vector products and projections
 -----------------------------------------------------------
 
-function vec2.dot(a, b)
-	return a.x * b.x + a.y * b.y
+function vec2:dot(other)
+	return self.x * other.x + self.y * other.y
 end
 
 --"fake", but useful - also called the wedge product apparently
-function vec2.cross(a, b)
-	return a.x * b.y - a.y * b.x
+function vec2:cross(other)
+	return self.x * other.y - self.y * other.x
 end
 
---scalar projection a onto b
-function vec2.sproj(a, b)
-	local len = b:length()
+function vec2:scalar_projection(other)
+	local len = other:length()
 	if len == 0 then
 		return 0
 	end
-	return a:dot(b) / len
+	return self:dot(other) / len
 end
 
---vector projection a onto b (writes into a)
-function vec2.vproji(a, b)
-	local div = b:dot(b)
+function vec2:vector_projection(other)
+	local div = other:dot(other)
 	if div == 0 then
-		return a:sset(0,0)
+		return self:scalar_set(0)
 	end
-	local fac = a:dot(b) / div
-	return a:vset(b):smuli(fac)
+	local fac = self:dot(other) / div
+	return self:vector_set(other):scalar_muli(fac)
 end
 
-function vec2.vproj(a, b)
-	return a:copy():vproji(b)
-end
-
---vector rejection a onto b (writes into a)
-function vec2.vreji(a, b)
-	local tx, ty = a.x, a.y
-	a:vproji(b)
-	a:sset(tx - a.x, ty - a.y)
-	return a
-end
-
-function vec2.vrej(a, b)
-	return a:copy():vreji(b)
+function vec2:vector_rejection(o)
+	local tx, ty = self.x, self.y
+	self:vector_proji(other)
+	self:scalar_set(tx - self.x, ty - self.y)
+	return self
 end
 
 --get the winding side of p, relative to the line a-b
@@ -540,19 +422,19 @@ end
 -----------------------------------------------------------
 
 --"physical" friction
-local _v_friction = vec2:zero() --avoid alloc
+local _v_friction = vec2() --avoid alloc
 function vec2:apply_friction(mu, dt)
-	_v_friction:vset(self):smuli(mu * dt)
+	_v_friction:vector_set(self):scalar_muli(mu * dt)
 	if _v_friction:length_squared() > self:length_squared() then
-		self:sset(0, 0)
+		self:scalar_set(0, 0)
 	else
-		self:vsubi(_v_friction)
+		self:vector_subi(_v_friction)
 	end
 	return self
 end
 
 --"gamey" friction in one dimension
-local function apply_friction_1d(v, mu, dt)
+local function _friction_1d(v, mu, dt)
 	local friction = mu * v * dt
 	if math.abs(friction) > math.abs(v) then
 		return 0
@@ -563,8 +445,8 @@ end
 
 --"gamey" friction in both dimensions
 function vec2:apply_friction_xy(mu_x, mu_y, dt)
-	self.x = apply_friction_1d(self.x, mu_x, dt)
-	self.y = apply_friction_1d(self.y, mu_y, dt)
+	self.x = _friction_1d(self.x, mu_x, dt)
+	self.y = _friction_1d(self.y, mu_y, dt)
 	return self
 end
 
@@ -578,7 +460,7 @@ function vec2:maxcomp()
 end
 
 -- mask out min component, with preference to keep x
-function vec2:majori()
+function vec2:major()
 	if self.x > self.y then
 		self.y = 0
 	else
@@ -587,7 +469,7 @@ function vec2:majori()
 	return self
 end
 -- mask out max component, with preference to keep x
-function vec2:minori()
+function vec2:minor()
 	if self.x < self.y then
 		self.y = 0
 	else
@@ -596,14 +478,24 @@ function vec2:minori()
 	return self
 end
 
+--garbage generating functions that return a new vector rather than modifying self
+for _, v in ipairs({
 
---garbage generating versions
-function vec2:major(axis)
-	return self:copy():majori(axis)
+}) do
+	vec2[name] = function(self, ...)
+		self = self:copy()
+		self[v](self, ...)
+	end
 end
 
-function vec2:minor(axis)
-	return self:copy():minori(axis)
+--"hungarian" shorthand aliases
+for _, v in ipairs({
+	{"saddi", "scalar_add"},
+	{"sadd", "scalar_add_copy"},
+
+}) do
+	local shorthand, original = v[1], v[2]
+	vec2[shorthand] = vec2[original]
 end
 
 return vec2