[mlir][Interfaces] Add hasUnknownEffects helper function (#154523)

I have seen misuse of the `hasEffect` API in downstream projects: users
sometimes think that `hasEffect == false` indicates that the operation
does not have a certain memory effect. That's not necessarily the case.
When the op does not implement the `MemoryEffectsOpInterface`, it is
unknown whether it has the specified effect. "false" can also mean
"maybe".

This commit clarifies the semantics in the documentation. Also adds
`hasUnknownEffects` and `mightHaveEffect` convenience functions. Also
simplifies a few call sites.

mlir/include/mlir/Interfaces/SideEffectInterfaces.h

@@ -383,33 +383,71 @@ struct Write : public Effect::Base<Write> {};
 // SideEffect Utilities
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 
-/// Returns true if `op` has only an effect of type `EffectTy`.
+/// Return "true" if `op` has unknown effects. I.e., the effects of the
+/// operation itself are unknown and the operation does not derive its effects
+/// from its nested operations. (`HasRecursiveMemoryEffects` trait is not
+/// implemented or it is unknown whether it is implemented or not.)
+bool hasUnknownEffects(Operation *op);
+
+/// Returns "true" if `op` has only an effect of type `EffectTy`. Returns
+/// "false" if `op` has unknown effects or other/additional effects. Recursive
+/// effects are not taken into account.
 template <typename EffectTy>
 bool hasSingleEffect(Operation *op);
 
-/// Returns true if `op` has only an effect of type `EffectTy` (and of no other
-/// type) on `value`.
+/// Returns "true" if `op` has only an effect of type `EffectTy` on `value`.
+/// Returns "false" if `op` has unknown effects or other/additional effects.
+/// Recursive effects are not taken into account.
 template <typename EffectTy>
 bool hasSingleEffect(Operation *op, Value value);
 
-/// Returns true if `op` has only an effect of type `EffectTy` (and of no other
-/// type) on `value` of type `ValueTy`.
+/// Returns "true" if `op` has only an effect of type `EffectTy` on `value` of
+/// type `ValueTy`. Returns "false" if `op` has unknown effects or
+/// other/additional effects. Recursive effects are not taken into account.
 template <typename ValueTy, typename EffectTy>
 bool hasSingleEffect(Operation *op, ValueTy value);
 
-/// Returns true if `op` has an effect of type `EffectTy`.
+/// Returns "true" if `op` has an effect of type `EffectTy`. Returns "false" if
+/// `op` has unknown effects. Recursive effects are not taken into account.
 template <typename... EffectTys>
 bool hasEffect(Operation *op);
 
-/// Returns true if `op` has an effect of type `EffectTy` on `value`.
+/// Returns "true" if `op` has an effect of type `EffectTy` on `value`. Returns
+/// "false" if `op` has unknown effects. Recursive effects are not taken into
+/// account.
 template <typename... EffectTys>
 bool hasEffect(Operation *op, Value value);
 
-/// Returns true if `op` has an effect of type `EffectTy` on `value` of type
-/// `ValueTy`.
+/// Returns "true" if `op` has an effect of type `EffectTy` on `value` of type
+/// `ValueTy`. Returns "false" if `op` has unknown effects. Recursive effects
+/// are not taken into account.
 template <typename ValueTy, typename... EffectTys>
 bool hasEffect(Operation *op, ValueTy value);
 
+/// Returns "true" if `op` might have an effect of type `EffectTy`. Returns
+/// "true" if the op has unknown effects. Recursive effects are not taken into
+/// account.
+template <typename... EffectTys>
+bool mightHaveEffect(Operation *op) {
+  return hasUnknownEffects(op) || hasEffect<EffectTys...>(op);
+}
+
+/// Returns "true" if `op` might have an effect of type `EffectTy` on `value`.
+/// Returns "true" if the op has unknown effects. Recursive effects are not
+/// taken into account.
+template <typename... EffectTys>
+bool mightHaveEffect(Operation *op, Value value) {
+  return hasUnknownEffects(op) || hasEffect<EffectTys...>(op, value);
+}
+
+/// Returns "true" if `op` might have an effect of type `EffectTy` on `value`
+/// of type `ValueTy`. Returns "true" if the op has unknown effects. Recursive
+/// effects are not taken into account.
+template <typename ValueTy, typename... EffectTys>
+bool mightHaveEffect(Operation *op, ValueTy value) {
+  return hasUnknownEffects(op) || hasEffect<EffectTys...>(op, value);
+}
+
 /// Return true if the given operation is unused, and has no side effects on
 /// memory that prevent erasing.
 bool isOpTriviallyDead(Operation *op);

mlir/lib/Dialect/Bufferization/Transforms/OwnershipBasedBufferDeallocation.cpp

@@ -51,14 +51,8 @@ static bool isMemref(Value v) { return isa<BaseMemRefType>(v.getType()); }
 /// Return "true" if the given op is guaranteed to have neither "Allocate" nor
 /// "Free" side effects.
 static bool hasNeitherAllocateNorFreeSideEffect(Operation *op) {
-  if (isa<MemoryEffectOpInterface>(op))
-    return !hasEffect<MemoryEffects::Allocate>(op) &&
-           !hasEffect<MemoryEffects::Free>(op);
-  // If the op does not implement the MemoryEffectOpInterface but has has
-  // recursive memory effects, then this op in isolation (without its body) does
-  // not have any side effects. All the ops inside the regions of this op will
-  // be processed separately.
-  return op->hasTrait<OpTrait::HasRecursiveMemoryEffects>();
+  return !mightHaveEffect<MemoryEffects::Allocate>(op) &&
+         !mightHaveEffect<MemoryEffects::Free>(op);
 }
 
 /// Return "true" if the given op has buffer semantics. I.e., it has buffer
@@ -517,9 +511,7 @@ LogicalResult BufferDeallocation::verifyOperationPreconditions(Operation *op) {
   //   MemoryEffectOpInterface. They usually do not have side effects apart
   //   from the callee, which will be analyzed separately. (This is similar to
   //   "recursive memory effects".)
-  if (!isa<MemoryEffectOpInterface>(op) &&
-      !op->hasTrait<OpTrait::HasRecursiveMemoryEffects>() &&
-      !isa<CallOpInterface>(op))
+  if (hasUnknownEffects(op) && !isa<CallOpInterface>(op))
     return op->emitError(
         "ops with unknown memory side effects are not supported");
 

mlir/lib/Interfaces/SideEffectInterfaces.cpp

@@ -304,6 +304,11 @@ template bool
 mlir::hasEffect<BlockArgument, MemoryEffects::Write, MemoryEffects::Free>(
     Operation *, BlockArgument);
 
+bool mlir::hasUnknownEffects(Operation *op) {
+  return !isa<MemoryEffectOpInterface>(op) &&
+         !op->hasTrait<OpTrait::HasRecursiveMemoryEffects>();
+}
+
 bool mlir::wouldOpBeTriviallyDead(Operation *op) {
   if (op->mightHaveTrait<OpTrait::IsTerminator>())
     return false;

mlir/lib/Transforms/CSE.cpp

@@ -177,11 +177,10 @@ void CSEDriver::replaceUsesAndDelete(ScopedMapTy &knownValues, Operation *op,
 bool CSEDriver::hasOtherSideEffectingOpInBetween(Operation *fromOp,
                                                  Operation *toOp) {
   assert(fromOp->getBlock() == toOp->getBlock());
-  assert(
-      isa<MemoryEffectOpInterface>(fromOp) &&
-      cast<MemoryEffectOpInterface>(fromOp).hasEffect<MemoryEffects::Read>() &&
-      isa<MemoryEffectOpInterface>(toOp) &&
-      cast<MemoryEffectOpInterface>(toOp).hasEffect<MemoryEffects::Read>());
+  assert(hasEffect<MemoryEffects::Read>(fromOp) &&
+         "expected read effect on fromOp");
+  assert(hasEffect<MemoryEffects::Read>(toOp) &&
+         "expected read effect on toOp");
   Operation *nextOp = fromOp->getNextNode();
   auto result =
       memEffectsCache.try_emplace(fromOp, std::make_pair(fromOp, nullptr));
@@ -245,11 +244,10 @@ LogicalResult CSEDriver::simplifyOperation(ScopedMapTy &knownValues,
   // Some simple use case of operation with memory side-effect are dealt with
   // here. Operations with no side-effect are done after.
   if (!isMemoryEffectFree(op)) {
-    auto memEffects = dyn_cast<MemoryEffectOpInterface>(op);
     // TODO: Only basic use case for operations with MemoryEffects::Read can be
     // eleminated now. More work needs to be done for more complicated patterns
     // and other side-effects.
-    if (!memEffects || !memEffects.onlyHasEffect<MemoryEffects::Read>())
+    if (!hasSingleEffect<MemoryEffects::Read>(op))
       return failure();
 
     // Look for an existing definition for the operation.