diff --git a/flang-rt/lib/runtime/allocatable.cpp b/flang-rt/lib/runtime/allocatable.cpp
index ef18da6ea078..f724f0a20884 100644
--- a/flang-rt/lib/runtime/allocatable.cpp
+++ b/flang-rt/lib/runtime/allocatable.cpp
@@ -165,6 +165,26 @@ int RTDEF(AllocatableAllocateSource)(Descriptor &alloc,
       alloc, /*asyncObject=*/nullptr, hasStat, errMsg, sourceFile, sourceLine)};
   if (stat == StatOk) {
     Terminator terminator{sourceFile, sourceLine};
+    if (alloc.rank() != source.rank() && source.rank() != 0) {
+      terminator.Crash("ALLOCATE object has rank %d while SOURCE= has rank %d",
+          alloc.rank(), source.rank());
+    }
+    if (int rank{source.rank()}; rank > 0) {
+      SubscriptValue allocExtent[maxRank], sourceExtent[maxRank];
+      alloc.GetShape(allocExtent);
+      source.GetShape(sourceExtent);
+      for (int j{0}; j < rank; ++j) {
+        if (allocExtent[j] != sourceExtent[j]) {
+          if (!hasStat) {
+            terminator.Crash("ALLOCATE object has extent %jd on dimension %d, "
+                             "but SOURCE= has extent %jd",
+                static_cast<std::intmax_t>(allocExtent[j]), j + 1,
+                static_cast<std::intmax_t>(sourceExtent[j]));
+          }
+          return StatInvalidExtent;
+        }
+      }
+    }
     DoFromSourceAssign(alloc, source, terminator);
   }
   return stat;
diff --git a/flang/lib/Semantics/check-allocate.cpp b/flang/lib/Semantics/check-allocate.cpp
index 2c215f45bf51..08053594c12e 100644
--- a/flang/lib/Semantics/check-allocate.cpp
+++ b/flang/lib/Semantics/check-allocate.cpp
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 #include "assignment.h"
 #include "definable.h"
 #include "flang/Evaluate/fold.h"
+#include "flang/Evaluate/shape.h"
 #include "flang/Evaluate/type.h"
 #include "flang/Parser/parse-tree.h"
 #include "flang/Parser/tools.h"
@@ -33,6 +34,7 @@ struct AllocateCheckerInfo {
   bool gotMold{false};
   bool gotStream{false};
   bool gotPinned{false};
+  std::optional<evaluate::ConstantSubscripts> sourceExprShape;
 };
 
 class AllocationCheckerHelper {
@@ -259,6 +261,9 @@ static std::optional<AllocateCheckerInfo> CheckAllocateOptions(
           CheckCopyabilityInPureScope(messages, *expr, scope);
         }
       }
+      auto maybeShape{evaluate::GetShape(context.foldingContext(), *expr)};
+      info.sourceExprShape =
+          evaluate::AsConstantExtents(context.foldingContext(), maybeShape);
     } else {
       // Error already reported on source expression.
       // Do not continue allocate checks.
@@ -581,6 +586,52 @@ bool AllocationCheckerHelper::RunChecks(SemanticsContext &context) {
             .Attach(
                 ultimate_->name(), "Declared here with rank %d"_en_US, rank_);
         return false;
+      } else if (allocateInfo_.gotSource && allocateInfo_.sourceExprShape &&
+          allocateInfo_.sourceExprShape->size() ==
+              static_cast<std::size_t>(allocateShapeSpecRank_)) {
+        std::size_t j{0};
+        for (const auto &shapeSpec :
+            std::get<std::list<parser::AllocateShapeSpec>>(allocation_.t)) {
+          if (j >= allocateInfo_.sourceExprShape->size()) {
+            break;
+          }
+          std::optional<evaluate::ConstantSubscript> lbound;
+          if (const auto &lb{std::get<0>(shapeSpec.t)}) {
+            lbound.reset();
+            const auto &lbExpr{lb->thing.thing.value()};
+            if (const auto *expr{GetExpr(context, lbExpr)}) {
+              auto folded{
+                  evaluate::Fold(context.foldingContext(), SomeExpr(*expr))};
+              lbound = evaluate::ToInt64(folded);
+              evaluate::SetExpr(lbExpr, std::move(folded));
+            }
+          } else {
+            lbound = 1;
+          }
+          if (lbound) {
+            const auto &ubExpr{std::get<1>(shapeSpec.t).thing.thing.value()};
+            if (const auto *expr{GetExpr(context, ubExpr)}) {
+              auto folded{
+                  evaluate::Fold(context.foldingContext(), SomeExpr(*expr))};
+              auto ubound{evaluate::ToInt64(folded)};
+              evaluate::SetExpr(ubExpr, std::move(folded));
+              if (ubound) {
+                auto extent{*ubound - *lbound + 1};
+                if (extent < 0) {
+                  extent = 0;
+                }
+                if (extent != allocateInfo_.sourceExprShape->at(j)) {
+                  context.Say(name_.source,
+                      "Allocation has extent %jd on dimension %d, but SOURCE= has extent %jd"_err_en_US,
+                      static_cast<std::intmax_t>(extent), j + 1,
+                      static_cast<std::intmax_t>(
+                          allocateInfo_.sourceExprShape->at(j)));
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          }
+          ++j;
+        }
       }
     }
   } else { // allocating a scalar object
diff --git a/flang/test/Semantics/allocate11.f90 b/flang/test/Semantics/allocate11.f90
index 1b7495e9fc07..8aeb069df09f 100644
--- a/flang/test/Semantics/allocate11.f90
+++ b/flang/test/Semantics/allocate11.f90
@@ -163,6 +163,7 @@ subroutine C938_C947(var2, ptr, ptr2, fptr, my_team, srca)
   allocate(var2(2)[5:*], MOLD=my_team)
   !ERROR: SOURCE or MOLD expression type must not be C_PTR or C_FUNPTR from ISO_C_BINDING when an allocatable object is a coarray
   allocate(var2(2)[5:*], MOLD=ptr)
+  !ERROR: Allocation has extent 2 on dimension 1, but SOURCE= has extent 9
   !ERROR: SOURCE or MOLD expression type must not be C_PTR or C_FUNPTR from ISO_C_BINDING when an allocatable object is a coarray
   allocate(var2(2)[5:*], SOURCE=ptr2)
   !ERROR: SOURCE or MOLD expression type must not be C_PTR or C_FUNPTR from ISO_C_BINDING when an allocatable object is a coarray