diff --git a/mlir/include/mlir/IR/BuiltinAttributes.td b/mlir/include/mlir/IR/BuiltinAttributes.td
index 0cc556ef5d85..299200788136 100644
--- a/mlir/include/mlir/IR/BuiltinAttributes.td
+++ b/mlir/include/mlir/IR/BuiltinAttributes.td
@@ -720,6 +720,14 @@ def Builtin_IntegerAttr : Builtin_Attr<"Integer", "integer",
                                         "const APInt &":$value), [{
       if (type.isSignlessInteger(1))
         return BoolAttr::get(type.getContext(), value.getBoolValue());
+      // Validate that the APInt has the correct bit width for the given type.
+      if (auto intTy = ::llvm::dyn_cast<IntegerType>(type)) {
+        assert(value.getBitWidth() == intTy.getWidth() &&
+               "IntegerAttr::get: APInt bit width must match integer type width");
+      } else if (::llvm::isa<IndexType>(type)) {
+        assert(value.getBitWidth() == IndexType::kInternalStorageBitWidth &&
+               "IntegerAttr::get: APInt bit width must match IndexType internal storage bit width");
+      }
       return $_get(type.getContext(), type, value);
     }]>,
     AttrBuilder<(ins "const APSInt &":$value), [{
diff --git a/mlir/unittests/IR/AttributeTest.cpp b/mlir/unittests/IR/AttributeTest.cpp
index 404aa8c0dcf3..900cacabd592 100644
--- a/mlir/unittests/IR/AttributeTest.cpp
+++ b/mlir/unittests/IR/AttributeTest.cpp
@@ -523,4 +523,46 @@ TEST(CopyCountAttr, PrintStripped) {
   EXPECT_EQ(str, "|#test.copy_count<hello>|[copy_count<hello>]");
 }
 
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+// IntegerAttr
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+TEST(IntegerAttrTest, CorrectBitWidths) {
+  MLIRContext context;
+
+  // Correct APInt width for i32.
+  IntegerType i32 = IntegerType::get(&context, 32);
+  IntegerAttr attr32 = IntegerAttr::get(i32, APInt(32, 42));
+  EXPECT_EQ(attr32.getType(), i32);
+  EXPECT_EQ(attr32.getValue().getBitWidth(), 32u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(attr32.getInt(), 42);
+
+  // Correct APInt width for index type.
+  IndexType indexTy = IndexType::get(&context);
+  IntegerAttr attrIdx =
+      IntegerAttr::get(indexTy, APInt(IndexType::kInternalStorageBitWidth, 5));
+  EXPECT_EQ(attrIdx.getType(), indexTy);
+  EXPECT_EQ(attrIdx.getValue().getBitWidth(),
+            (unsigned)IndexType::kInternalStorageBitWidth);
+}
+
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+TEST(IntegerAttrDeathTest, WrongBitWidthForIntegerType) {
+  MLIRContext context;
+  IntegerType i32 = IntegerType::get(&context, 32);
+  // APInt(8, 1) has bit width 8, but i32 requires 32.
+  EXPECT_DEATH(IntegerAttr::get(i32, APInt(8, 1)),
+               "APInt bit width must match integer type width");
+}
+
+TEST(IntegerAttrDeathTest, WrongBitWidthForIndexType) {
+  MLIRContext context;
+  IndexType indexTy = IndexType::get(&context);
+  // APInt(1, 1) has bit width 1, but index type requires 64.
+  EXPECT_DEATH(
+      IntegerAttr::get(indexTy, APInt(1, 1)),
+      "APInt bit width must match IndexType internal storage bit width");
+}
+#endif // NDEBUG
+
 } // namespace