[mlir][spirv] Add 8-bit float type emulation (#148811)

8-bit floats are not supported in SPIR-V. They are emulated as 8-bit
integer during conversion.

mlir/include/mlir/Conversion/Passes.td

@@ -196,6 +196,10 @@ def ConvertArithToSPIRVPass : Pass<"convert-arith-to-spirv"> {
            "bool", /*default=*/"true",
            "Emulate narrower scalar types with 32-bit ones if not supported by "
            "the target">,
+    Option<"emulateUnsupportedFloatTypes", "emulate-unsupported-float-types",
+           "bool", /*default=*/"true",
+           "Emulate unsupported float types by representing them with integer "
+           "types of same bit width">
   ];
 }
 
@@ -416,7 +420,11 @@ def ConvertControlFlowToSPIRVPass : Pass<"convert-cf-to-spirv"> {
     Option<"emulateLT32BitScalarTypes", "emulate-lt-32-bit-scalar-types",
            "bool", /*default=*/"true",
            "Emulate narrower scalar types with 32-bit ones if not supported by"
-           " the target">
+           " the target">,
+    Option<"emulateUnsupportedFloatTypes", "emulate-unsupported-float-types",
+           "bool", /*default=*/"true",
+           "Emulate unsupported float types by representing them with integer "
+           "types of same bit width">
   ];
 }
 
@@ -500,7 +508,11 @@ def ConvertFuncToSPIRVPass : Pass<"convert-func-to-spirv"> {
     Option<"emulateLT32BitScalarTypes", "emulate-lt-32-bit-scalar-types",
            "bool", /*default=*/"true",
            "Emulate narrower scalar types with 32-bit ones if not supported by"
-           " the target">
+           " the target">,
+    Option<"emulateUnsupportedFloatTypes", "emulate-unsupported-float-types",
+           "bool", /*default=*/"true",
+           "Emulate unsupported float types by representing them with integer "
+           "types of same bit width">
   ];
 }
 
@@ -1167,7 +1179,11 @@ def ConvertTensorToSPIRVPass : Pass<"convert-tensor-to-spirv"> {
     Option<"emulateLT32BitScalarTypes", "emulate-lt-32-bit-scalar-types",
            "bool", /*default=*/"true",
            "Emulate narrower scalar types with 32-bit ones if not supported by"
-           " the target">
+           " the target">,
+    Option<"emulateUnsupportedFloatTypes", "emulate-unsupported-float-types",
+           "bool", /*default=*/"true",
+           "Emulate unsupported float types by representing them with integer "
+           "types of same bit width">
   ];
 }
 

mlir/include/mlir/Dialect/SPIRV/Transforms/SPIRVConversion.h

@@ -39,6 +39,10 @@ struct SPIRVConversionOptions {
   /// The number of bits to store a boolean value.
   unsigned boolNumBits{8};
 
+  /// Whether to emulate unsupported floats with integer types of same bit
+  /// width.
+  bool emulateUnsupportedFloatTypes{true};
+
   /// How sub-byte values are storaged in memory.
   SPIRVSubByteTypeStorage subByteTypeStorage{SPIRVSubByteTypeStorage::Packed};
 

mlir/lib/Conversion/ArithToSPIRV/ArithToSPIRV.cpp

@@ -99,6 +99,17 @@ static FloatAttr convertFloatAttr(FloatAttr srcAttr, FloatType dstType,
   return builder.getF32FloatAttr(dstVal.convertToFloat());
 }
 
+// Get in IntegerAttr from FloatAttr while preserving the bits.
+// Useful for converting float constants to integer constants while preserving
+// the bits.
+static IntegerAttr
+getIntegerAttrFromFloatAttr(FloatAttr floatAttr, Type dstType,
+                            ConversionPatternRewriter &rewriter) {
+  APFloat floatVal = floatAttr.getValue();
+  APInt intVal = floatVal.bitcastToAPInt();
+  return rewriter.getIntegerAttr(dstType, intVal);
+}
+
 /// Returns true if the given `type` is a boolean scalar or vector type.
 static bool isBoolScalarOrVector(Type type) {
   assert(type && "Not a valid type");
@@ -296,8 +307,18 @@ struct ConstantCompositeOpPattern final
       SmallVector<Attribute, 8> elements;
       if (isa<FloatType>(srcElemType)) {
         for (FloatAttr srcAttr : dstElementsAttr.getValues<FloatAttr>()) {
-          FloatAttr dstAttr =
+          Attribute dstAttr = nullptr;
-              convertFloatAttr(srcAttr, cast<FloatType>(dstElemType), rewriter);
+          // Handle 8-bit float conversion to 8-bit integer.
+          auto *typeConverter = getTypeConverter<SPIRVTypeConverter>();
+          if (typeConverter->getOptions().emulateUnsupportedFloatTypes &&
+              srcElemType.getIntOrFloatBitWidth() == 8 &&
+              isa<IntegerType>(dstElemType)) {
+            dstAttr =
+                getIntegerAttrFromFloatAttr(srcAttr, dstElemType, rewriter);
+          } else {
+            dstAttr = convertFloatAttr(srcAttr, cast<FloatType>(dstElemType),
+                                       rewriter);
+          }
           if (!dstAttr)
             return failure();
           elements.push_back(dstAttr);
@@ -361,11 +382,19 @@ struct ConstantScalarOpPattern final
     // Floating-point types.
     if (isa<FloatType>(srcType)) {
       auto srcAttr = cast<FloatAttr>(cstAttr);
-      auto dstAttr = srcAttr;
+      Attribute dstAttr = srcAttr;
 
       // Floating-point types not supported in the target environment are all
       // converted to float type.
-      if (srcType != dstType) {
+      auto *typeConverter = getTypeConverter<SPIRVTypeConverter>();
+      if (typeConverter->getOptions().emulateUnsupportedFloatTypes &&
+          srcType.getIntOrFloatBitWidth() == 8 && isa<IntegerType>(dstType) &&
+          dstType.getIntOrFloatBitWidth() == 8) {
+        // If the source is an 8-bit float, convert it to a 8-bit integer.
+        dstAttr = getIntegerAttrFromFloatAttr(srcAttr, dstType, rewriter);
+        if (!dstAttr)
+          return failure();
+      } else if (srcType != dstType) {
         dstAttr = convertFloatAttr(srcAttr, cast<FloatType>(dstType), rewriter);
         if (!dstAttr)
           return failure();
@@ -1352,6 +1381,7 @@ struct ConvertArithToSPIRVPass
 
     SPIRVConversionOptions options;
     options.emulateLT32BitScalarTypes = this->emulateLT32BitScalarTypes;
+    options.emulateUnsupportedFloatTypes = this->emulateUnsupportedFloatTypes;
     SPIRVTypeConverter typeConverter(targetAttr, options);
 
     // Use UnrealizedConversionCast as the bridge so that we don't need to pull

mlir/lib/Conversion/ControlFlowToSPIRV/ControlFlowToSPIRVPass.cpp

@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ void ConvertControlFlowToSPIRVPass::runOnOperation() {
 
   SPIRVConversionOptions options;
   options.emulateLT32BitScalarTypes = this->emulateLT32BitScalarTypes;
+  options.emulateUnsupportedFloatTypes = this->emulateUnsupportedFloatTypes;
   SPIRVTypeConverter typeConverter(targetAttr, options);
 
   // TODO: We should also take care of block argument type conversion.

mlir/lib/Conversion/FuncToSPIRV/FuncToSPIRVPass.cpp

@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ void ConvertFuncToSPIRVPass::runOnOperation() {
 
   SPIRVConversionOptions options;
   options.emulateLT32BitScalarTypes = this->emulateLT32BitScalarTypes;
+  options.emulateUnsupportedFloatTypes = this->emulateUnsupportedFloatTypes;
   SPIRVTypeConverter typeConverter(targetAttr, options);
 
   RewritePatternSet patterns(context);

mlir/lib/Conversion/TensorToSPIRV/TensorToSPIRVPass.cpp

@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ class ConvertTensorToSPIRVPass
 
     SPIRVConversionOptions options;
     options.emulateLT32BitScalarTypes = this->emulateLT32BitScalarTypes;
+    options.emulateUnsupportedFloatTypes = this->emulateUnsupportedFloatTypes;
     SPIRVTypeConverter typeConverter(targetAttr, options);
 
     RewritePatternSet patterns(context);

mlir/lib/Dialect/SPIRV/Transforms/SPIRVConversion.cpp

@@ -182,6 +182,14 @@ getTypeNumBytes(const SPIRVConversionOptions &options, Type type) {
     return bitWidth / 8;
   }
 
+  // Handle 8-bit floats.
+  if (options.emulateUnsupportedFloatTypes && isa<FloatType>(type)) {
+    auto bitWidth = type.getIntOrFloatBitWidth();
+    if (bitWidth == 8)
+      return bitWidth / 8;
+    return std::nullopt;
+  }
+
   if (auto complexType = dyn_cast<ComplexType>(type)) {
     auto elementSize = getTypeNumBytes(options, complexType.getElementType());
     if (!elementSize)
@@ -318,6 +326,44 @@ static Type convertSubByteIntegerType(const SPIRVConversionOptions &options,
                           type.getSignedness());
 }
 
+/// Converts 8-bit float types to integer types with the same bit width.
+/// Returns a nullptr for unsupported 8-bit float types.
+static Type convert8BitFloatType(const SPIRVConversionOptions &options,
+                                 FloatType type) {
+  if (!options.emulateUnsupportedFloatTypes)
+    return nullptr;
+  // F8 types are converted to integer types with the same bit width.
+  if (isa<Float8E5M2Type, Float8E4M3Type, Float8E4M3FNType, Float8E5M2FNUZType,
+          Float8E4M3FNUZType, Float8E4M3B11FNUZType, Float8E3M4Type,
+          Float8E8M0FNUType>(type))
+    return IntegerType::get(type.getContext(), type.getWidth());
+  LLVM_DEBUG(llvm::dbgs() << "unsupported 8-bit float type: " << type << "\n");
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+/// Returns a type with the same shape but with any 8-bit float element type
+/// converted to the same bit width integer type. This is a noop when the
+/// element type is not the 8-bit float type or emulation flag is set to false.
+static ShapedType
+convertShaped8BitFloatType(ShapedType type,
+                           const SPIRVConversionOptions &options) {
+  if (!options.emulateUnsupportedFloatTypes)
+    return type;
+  Type srcElementType = type.getElementType();
+  Type convertedElementType = nullptr;
+  // F8 types are converted to integer types with the same bit width.
+  if (isa<Float8E5M2Type, Float8E4M3Type, Float8E4M3FNType, Float8E5M2FNUZType,
+          Float8E4M3FNUZType, Float8E4M3B11FNUZType, Float8E3M4Type,
+          Float8E8M0FNUType>(srcElementType))
+    convertedElementType = IntegerType::get(
+        type.getContext(), srcElementType.getIntOrFloatBitWidth());
+
+  if (!convertedElementType)
+    return type;
+
+  return type.clone(convertedElementType);
+}
+
 /// Returns a type with the same shape but with any index element type converted
 /// to the matching integer type. This is a noop when the element type is not
 /// the index type.
@@ -337,6 +383,7 @@ convertVectorType(const spirv::TargetEnv &targetEnv,
                   const SPIRVConversionOptions &options, VectorType type,
                   std::optional<spirv::StorageClass> storageClass = {}) {
   type = cast<VectorType>(convertIndexElementType(type, options));
+  type = cast<VectorType>(convertShaped8BitFloatType(type, options));
   auto scalarType = dyn_cast_or_null<spirv::ScalarType>(type.getElementType());
   if (!scalarType) {
     // If this is not a spec allowed scalar type, try to handle sub-byte integer
@@ -433,6 +480,7 @@ static Type convertTensorType(const spirv::TargetEnv &targetEnv,
   }
 
   type = cast<TensorType>(convertIndexElementType(type, options));
+  type = cast<TensorType>(convertShaped8BitFloatType(type, options));
   auto scalarType = dyn_cast_or_null<spirv::ScalarType>(type.getElementType());
   if (!scalarType) {
     LLVM_DEBUG(llvm::dbgs()
@@ -596,6 +644,10 @@ static Type convertMemrefType(const spirv::TargetEnv &targetEnv,
   } else if (auto indexType = dyn_cast<IndexType>(elementType)) {
     type = cast<MemRefType>(convertIndexElementType(type, options));
     arrayElemType = type.getElementType();
+  } else if (auto floatType = dyn_cast<FloatType>(elementType)) {
+    // Hnadle 8 bit float types.
+    type = cast<MemRefType>(convertShaped8BitFloatType(type, options));
+    arrayElemType = type.getElementType();
   } else {
     LLVM_DEBUG(
         llvm::dbgs()
@@ -1444,6 +1496,8 @@ SPIRVTypeConverter::SPIRVTypeConverter(spirv::TargetEnvAttr targetAttr,
   addConversion([this](FloatType floatType) -> std::optional<Type> {
     if (auto scalarType = dyn_cast<spirv::ScalarType>(floatType))
       return convertScalarType(this->targetEnv, this->options, scalarType);
+    if (floatType.getWidth() == 8)
+      return convert8BitFloatType(this->options, floatType);
     return Type();
   });
 

mlir/test/Conversion/ArithToSPIRV/arith-to-spirv.mlir

@@ -559,6 +559,23 @@ func.func @constant() {
   return
 }
 
+// CHECK-LABEL: @constant_8bit_float
+func.func @constant_8bit_float() {
+  // CHECK: spirv.Constant 56 : i8
+  %cst = arith.constant 1.0 : f8E4M3
+  // CHECK: spirv.Constant 56 : i8
+  %cst_i8 = arith.bitcast %cst : f8E4M3 to i8
+  // CHECK: spirv.Constant dense<56> : vector<4xi8>
+  %cst_vector = arith.constant dense<1.0> : vector<4xf8E4M3>
+  // CHECK: spirv.Constant dense<56> : vector<4xi8>
+  %cst_vector_i8 = arith.bitcast %cst_vector : vector<4xf8E4M3> to vector<4xi8>
+  // CHECK: spirv.Constant dense<60> : tensor<4xi8> : !spirv.array<4 x i8>
+  %cst_tensor = arith.constant dense<1.0> : tensor<4xf8E5M2>
+  // CHECK: spirv.Constant dense<60> : tensor<4xi8> : !spirv.array<4 x i8>
+  %cst_tensor_i8 = arith.bitcast %cst_tensor : tensor<4xf8E5M2> to tensor<4xi8>
+  return
+}
+
 // CHECK-LABEL: @constant_16bit
 func.func @constant_16bit() {
   // CHECK: spirv.Constant 4 : i16

mlir/test/Conversion/FuncToSPIRV/types-to-spirv.mlir

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 // RUN: mlir-opt -split-input-file -convert-func-to-spirv %s -o - | FileCheck %s
 // RUN: mlir-opt -split-input-file -convert-func-to-spirv="emulate-lt-32-bit-scalar-types=false" %s | \
 // RUN:   FileCheck %s --check-prefix=NOEMU
+// RUN: mlir-opt -split-input-file -convert-func-to-spirv="emulate-unsupported-float-types=false" %s | \
+// RUN:   FileCheck %s --check-prefix=UNSUPPORTED_FLOAT
 
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 // Integer types
@@ -944,3 +946,55 @@ func.func @unranked_tensor(%arg0: tensor<*xi32>) { return }
 func.func @dynamic_dim_tensor(%arg0: tensor<8x?xi32>) { return }
 
 } // end module
+
+
+// -----
+
+// Check that 8-bit float types are emulated as i8.
+module attributes {
+  spirv.target_env = #spirv.target_env<#spirv.vce<v1.0, [Int8], []>, #spirv.resource_limits<>>
+} {
+
+  // CHECK: spirv.func @float8_to_integer8
+  // CHECK-SAME: (%arg0: i8
+  // CHECK-SAME: %arg1: i8
+  // CHECK-SAME: %arg2: i8
+  // CHECK-SAME: %arg3: i8
+  // CHECK-SAME: %arg4: i8
+  // CHECK-SAME: %arg5: i8
+  // CHECK-SAME: %arg6: i8
+  // CHECK-SAME: %arg7: i8
+  // CHECK-SAME: %arg8: vector<4xi8>
+  // CHECK-SAME: %arg9: !spirv.ptr<!spirv.struct<(!spirv.array<8 x i8, stride=1> [0])>, StorageBuffer>
+  // CHECK-SAME: %arg10: !spirv.array<4 x i8>
+  // UNSUPPORTED_FLOAT-LABEL: func.func @float8_to_integer8
+  // UNSUPPORTED_FLOAT-SAME: (%arg0: f8E5M2
+  // UNSUPPORTED_FLOAT-SAME: %arg1: f8E4M3
+  // UNSUPPORTED_FLOAT-SAME: %arg2: f8E4M3FN
+  // UNSUPPORTED_FLOAT-SAME: %arg3: f8E5M2FNUZ
+  // UNSUPPORTED_FLOAT-SAME: %arg4: f8E4M3FNUZ
+  // UNSUPPORTED_FLOAT-SAME: %arg5: f8E4M3B11FNUZ
+  // UNSUPPORTED_FLOAT-SAME: %arg6: f8E3M4
+  // UNSUPPORTED_FLOAT-SAME: %arg7: f8E8M0FNU
+  // UNSUPPORTED_FLOAT-SAME: %arg8: vector<4xf8E4M3B11FNUZ>
+  // UNSUPPORTED_FLOAT-SAME: %arg9: memref<8xf8E4M3, #spirv.storage_class<StorageBuffer>>
+  // UNSUPPORTED_FLOAT-SAME: %arg10: tensor<4xf8E5M2>
+  // UNSUPPORTED_FLOAT-SAME: ) {
+
+  func.func @float8_to_integer8(
+    %arg0: f8E5M2,                   // CHECK-NOT: f8E5M2
+    %arg1: f8E4M3,                   // CHECK-NOT: f8E4M3
+    %arg2: f8E4M3FN,                // CHECK-NOT: f8E4M3FN
+    %arg3: f8E5M2FNUZ,              // CHECK-NOT: f8E5M2FNUZ
+    %arg4: f8E4M3FNUZ,              // CHECK-NOT: f8E4M3FNUZ
+    %arg5: f8E4M3B11FNUZ,           // CHECK-NOT: f8E4M3B11FNUZ
+    %arg6: f8E3M4,                  // CHECK-NOT: f8E3M4
+    %arg7: f8E8M0FNU,               // CHECK-NOT: f8E8M0FNU
+    %arg8: vector<4xf8E4M3B11FNUZ>, // CHECK-NOT: vector<4xf8E4M3B11FNUZ>
+    %arg9: memref<8xf8E4M3, #spirv.storage_class<StorageBuffer>>, // CHECK-NOT: memref
+    %arg10: tensor<4xf8E5M2>        // CHECK-NOT: tensor
+  ) {
+    // CHECK: spirv.Return
+    return
+  }
+}