This adds LIBC_CONF_PRINTF_MODULAR, which causes floating point support
(later, others) to be weakly linked into the implementation.
__printf_modular becomes the main entry point of the implementaiton, an
printf itself wraps __printf_modular. printf it also contains a
BFD_RELOC_NONE relocation to bring in the float aspect.
See issue #146159 for context.
This change expands the stdio support on baremetal to support opaque
FILE*. This builds on top of the existing baremetal embedding API; we
treat the standard FILE* streams as pointers that point to the cookie
symbols which are a part of the embedding API. This also allows users to
define their own FILE* streams, but we don't (yet) support the API that
return FILE* such as fopen or fopencookie.