This reverts commit 1f3dd83cc1f2b8f72b9d59e2b4221b12fb7f9a95, reapplying
commit bb1b0bc4e57428ce364d3d6c075ff03cb8973462.
The original commit failed on some builds seemingly due to the use of a
bracketed constructor with an std::array, i.e. `std::array<> arr({...})`.
Previously, LLVM had no functional way of performing casts inside of a
DIExpression(), which made salvaging cast instructions other than Noop
casts impossible. This patch enables the salvaging of casts by using the
DW_OP_LLVM_convert operator for SExt and Trunc instructions.
There is another issue which is exposed by this fix, in which fragment
DIExpressions (which are preserved more readily by this patch) for
values that must be split across registers in ISel trigger an assertion,
as the 'split' fragments extend beyond the bounds of the fragment
DIExpression causing an error. This patch also fixes this issue by
checking the fragment status of DIExpressions which are to be split, and
dropping fragments that are invalid.
