46 Commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
Craig Topper
fa630e7594 [RISCV][AMDGPU][TargetLowering] Special case overflow expansion for (uaddo X, 1).
If we expand (uaddo X, 1) we previously expanded the overflow calculation
as (X + 1) <u X. This potentially increases the live range of X and
can prevent X+1 from reusing the register that previously held X.

Since we're adding 1, overflow only occurs if X was UINT_MAX in which
case (X+1) would be 0. So this patch adds a special case to expand
the overflow calculation to (X+1) == 0.

This seems to help with uaddo intrinsics that get introduced by
CodeGenPrepare after LSR. Alternatively, we could block the uaddo
transform in CodeGenPrepare for this case.

Reviewed By: arsenm

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D122933
2022-04-01 13:14:10 -07:00
Venkata Ramanaiah Nalamothu
04fff547e2 [AMDGPU] Move call clobbered return address registers s[30:31] to callee saved range
Currently the return address ABI registers s[30:31], which fall in the call
clobbered register range, are added as a live-in on the function entry to
preserve its value when we have calls so that it gets saved and restored
around the calls.

But the DWARF unwind information (CFI) needs to track where the return address
resides in a frame and the above approach makes it difficult to track the
return address when the CFI information is emitted during the frame lowering,
due to the involvment of understanding the control flow.

This patch moves the return address ABI registers s[30:31] into callee saved
registers range and stops adding live-in for return address registers, so that
the CFI machinery will know where the return address resides when CSR
save/restore happen during the frame lowering.

And doing the above poses an issue that now the return instruction uses undefined
register `sgpr30_sgpr31`. This is resolved by hiding the return address register
use by the return instruction through the `SI_RETURN` pseudo instruction, which
doesn't take any input operands, until the `SI_RETURN` pseudo gets lowered to the
`S_SETPC_B64_return` during the `expandPostRAPseudo()`.

As an added benefit, this patch simplifies overall return instruction handling.

Note: The AMDGPU CFI changes are there only in the downstream code and another
version of this patch will be posted for review for the downstream code.

Reviewed By: arsenm, ronlieb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D114652
2022-03-09 12:18:02 +05:30
Carl Ritson
565af157ef [AMDGPU] Extend pre-emit peephole to redundantly masked VCC
Extend pre-emit peephole for S_CBRANCH_VCC[N]Z to eliminate
redundant S_AND operations against EXEC for V_CMP results in VCC.
These occur after after register allocation when VCC has been
selected as the comparison destination.

Reviewed By: rampitec

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D120202
2022-02-25 10:18:31 +09:00
Ron Lieberman
09b53296cf Revert "[AMDGPU] Move call clobbered return address registers s[30:31] to callee saved range"
This reverts commit 9075009d1fd5f2bf9aa6c2f362d2993691a316b3.

 Failed amdgpu runtime buildbot # 3514
2021-12-22 11:39:28 -05:00
RamNalamothu
9075009d1f [AMDGPU] Move call clobbered return address registers s[30:31] to callee saved range
Currently the return address ABI registers s[30:31], which fall in the call
clobbered register range, are added as a live-in on the function entry to
preserve its value when we have calls so that it gets saved and restored
around the calls.

But the DWARF unwind information (CFI) needs to track where the return address
resides in a frame and the above approach makes it difficult to track the
return address when the CFI information is emitted during the frame lowering,
due to the involvment of understanding the control flow.

This patch moves the return address ABI registers s[30:31] into callee saved
registers range and stops adding live-in for return address registers, so that
the CFI machinery will know where the return address resides when CSR
save/restore happen during the frame lowering.

And doing the above poses an issue that now the return instruction uses undefined
register `sgpr30_sgpr31`. This is resolved by hiding the return address register
use by the return instruction through the `SI_RETURN` pseudo instruction, which
doesn't take any input operands, until the `SI_RETURN` pseudo gets lowered to the
`S_SETPC_B64_return` during the `expandPostRAPseudo()`.

As an added benefit, this patch simplifies overall return instruction handling.

Note: The AMDGPU CFI changes are there only in the downstream code and another
version of this patch will be posted for review for the downstream code.

Reviewed By: arsenm

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D114652
2021-12-22 20:51:12 +05:30
Austin Kerbow
da067ed569 [AMDGPU] Set most sched model resource's BufferSize to one
Using a BufferSize of one for memory ProcResources will result in better
ILP since it more accurately models the dependencies between memory ops
and their consumers on an in-order processor. After this change, the
scheduler will treat the data edges from loads as blocking so that
stalls are guaranteed when waiting for data to be retreaved from memory.
Since we don't actually track waitcnt here, this should do a better job
at modeling their behavior.

Practically, this means that the scheduler will trigger the 'STALL'
heuristic more often.

This type of change needs to be evaluated experimentally. Preliminary
results are positive.

Fixes: SWDEV-282962

Reviewed By: rampitec

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D114777
2021-12-01 22:31:28 -08:00
RamNalamothu
18f9351223 [AMDGPU] Do not generate ELF symbols for the local branch target labels
The compiler was generating symbols in the final code object for local
branch target labels. This bloats the code object, slows down the loader,
and is only used to simplify disassembly.

Use '--symbolize-operands' with llvm-objdump to improve readability of the
branch target operands in disassembly.

Fixes: SWDEV-312223

Reviewed By: scott.linder

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D114273
2021-11-20 10:32:41 +05:30
Jay Foad
30b27ecfc2 [AMDGPU] Use new opcode for indexed vgpr reads
Introduce V_MOV_B32_indirect_read for indexed vgpr reads
(and rename the old V_MOV_B32_indirect to
V_MOV_B32_indirect_write) so they can be unambiguously
distinguished from regular V_MOV_B32_e32. Previously they
were distinguished by looking for extra implicit operands
but this is fragile because regular moves sometimes have
extra implicit operands too:
- either by accident, when instructions end up with
  duplicate implicit operands (see e.g. D100939)
- or by design, when SIInstrInfo::copyPhysReg breaks a
  multi-dword copy into individual subreg mov instructions
  and adds implicit operands for the super-register.

The effect of this is that SIInstrInfo::isFoldableCopy can
be simplified and identifies more foldable copies. The test
diffs show that more immediate 0 values have been folded as
inline operands.

SIInstrInfo::isReallyTriviallyReMaterializable could
probably be simplified too but that is not part of this
patch.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D114230
2021-11-19 13:08:11 +00:00
Jay Foad
a70bbb5f7a [AMDGPU] Simplify 64-bit division/remainder expansion
The old expansion open-coded a 64-bit addition in a strange way, by
adding the high parts *without* carry-in from the low part, and then
adding the carry back in later on. Fixing this saves a couple of
instructions and makes the code much easier to understand.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D113679
2021-11-12 15:48:41 +00:00
Stanislav Mekhanoshin
c80d8a8cea [AMDGPU] MachineLICM cannot hoist VALU
MachineLoop::isLoopInvariant() returns false for all VALU
because of the exec use. Check TII::isIgnorableUse() to
allow hoisting.

That unfortunately results in higher register consumption
since MachineLICM does not adequately estimate pressure.
Therefor I think it shall only be enabled after D107677 even
though it does not depend on it.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D107859
2021-10-20 11:47:24 -07:00
Jay Foad
c885857e9d [AMDGPU] Enable load clustering in the post-RA scheduler
This has a couple of benefits:
1. It can sometimes fix clusters that got broken apart when the register
   allocator inserted a copy.
2. Post-RA scheduling does not have to worry about increasing register
   pressure, which in some cases gives it more freedom to reorder
   instructions.

Testing on a collection of 10,000 graphics shaders compiled for gfx1010
showed:
- The average length of each run of one or more load instructions
  increased by about 1%.
- The number of runs of two or more load instructions increased by
  about 4%.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D111646
2021-10-13 17:12:26 +01:00
Jay Foad
66ce1015af Revert "[AMDGPU] Enable load clustering in the post-RA scheduler"
This reverts commit 66e13c7f439cf162d7ed1d25883e71a5755ac7ec.

It was committed by accident.
2021-10-12 16:19:35 +01:00
Jay Foad
66e13c7f43 [AMDGPU] Enable load clustering in the post-RA scheduler
This has a couple of benefits:
1. It can sometimes fix clusters that got broken apart when the register
   allocator inserted a copy.
2. Post-RA scheduling does not have to worry about increasing register
   pressure, which in some cases gives it more freedom to reorder
   instructions.

Testing on a collection of 10,000 graphics shaders compiled for gfx1010
showed:
- The average length of each run of one or more load instructions
  increased by about 1%.
- The number of runs of two or more load instructions increased by
  about 4%.
2021-10-12 16:09:04 +01:00
Joe Nash
3ce1b9631a [AMDGPU] Switch PostRA sched to MachineSched
Use GCNHazardRecognizer in postra sched.
Updated tests for the new schedules.

Reviewed By: arsenm

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D109536

Change-Id: Ia86ba2ae168f12fb34b4d8efdab491f84d936cde
2021-09-14 15:11:27 -04:00
alex-t
ed0f4415f0 [AMDGPU] Divergence-driven compare operations instruction selection
Description: This change enables the compare operations to be selected to SALU/VALU form
             dependent of the SDNode divergence flag.

Reviewed By: rampitec

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D106079
2021-08-25 18:30:49 +03:00
Matt Arsenault
d719f1c3cc AMDGPU: Add alloc priority to global ranges
The requested register class priorities weren't respected
globally. Not sure why this is a target option, and not just the
expected behavior (recently added in
1a6dc92be7d68611077f0fb0b723b361817c950c). This avoids an allocation
failure when many wide tuple spills are introduced. I think this is a
workaround since I would not expect the allocation priority to be
required, and only a performance hint. The allocator should be smarter
about when only a subregister needs to be spilled and restored.

This does regress a couple of degenerate store stress lit tests which
shouldn't be too important.
2021-08-10 13:12:34 -04:00
Jay Foad
e6c364a624 [AMDGPU][SDag] Better lowering for 64-bit ctlz/cttz
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D107546
2021-08-05 15:57:40 +01:00
Craig Topper
c23405174a [DAGCombiner][AMDGPU] Canonicalize constants to the RHS of MULHU/MULHS.
This allows special constants like to 0 to be recognized. It's also
expected by isel patterns if a target had a mulh with immediate instructions.
The commuting done by tablegen won't commute patterns with immediates since it
expects DAGCombine to have done it.

Reviewed By: foad

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D107486
2021-08-04 11:39:23 -07:00
Stanislav Mekhanoshin
4a3b055653 [AMDGPU] Fix flags of V_MOV_B64_PSEUDO
In particular it was not rematerializable.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D105724
2021-07-09 12:49:28 -07:00
Stanislav Mekhanoshin
381ded345b [AMDGPU] Add S_MOV_B64_IMM_PSEUDO for wide constants
This is to allow 64 bit constant rematerialization. If a constant
is split into two separate moves initializing sub0 and sub1 like
now RA cannot rematerizalize a 64 bit register.

This gives 10-20% uplift in a set of huge apps heavily using double
precession math.

Fixes: SWDEV-292645

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D104874
2021-06-30 11:45:38 -07:00
Brendon Cahoon
3f7b7e7393 [AMDGPU] Update SCC defs to VCC when uses are changed to VCC
The FixSGPRCopies pass converts instructions to VALU when
removing illegal VGPR to SGPR copies. Instructions that use SCC
are changed to use VCC instead. When that happens, the pass must
also change instructions that define SCC to define VCC.

The pass was not changing the SCC definition when an ADDC is
converted due to a input that is a VGPR to SGPR copy. But, the
initial ADD insruction, which define SCC, is not converted.
This causes a compilation failure due to a use of an undefined
physical register.

This patch adds code that inserts the SCC definition in the
MoveToVALU worklist when a SCC use is converted to a VCC use.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D102111
2021-05-14 18:05:05 -04:00
Jay Foad
ef443390a9 [AMDGPU] Remove MachineDCE after SIFoldOperands
Remove the MachineDCE pass after the first SIFoldOperands pass now
that SIFoldOperands deletes its own dead instructions.

Reapply after fixing dependent change D100188.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D100189
2021-04-19 12:08:02 +01:00
Mitch Phillips
092f288d36 Revert "[AMDGPU] Remove MachineDCE after SIFoldOperands"
This reverts commit 5a0117b2d0eaedffeeb393bd9915f11cccfe241b.

Reason: Dependent change d19a42eba98fe853dd52f7dc89d8cd2727c7fc1c broke
the ASan buildbots.
2021-04-09 15:47:44 -07:00
Jay Foad
5a0117b2d0 [AMDGPU] Remove MachineDCE after SIFoldOperands
Remove the MachineDCE pass after the first SIFoldOperands pass now
that SIFoldOperands deletes its own dead instructions.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D100189
2021-04-09 20:41:09 +01:00
Jay Foad
a4ced03d34 [AMDGPU] SIFoldOperands: eagerly delete dead copies
This is cheap to implement, means less work for future passes like
MachineDCE, and slightly improves the folding in some cases.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D100117
2021-04-09 13:52:54 +01:00
Simon Pilgrim
9d2df96407 [DAG] computeKnownBits - add ISD::MULHS/MULHU/SMUL_LOHI/UMUL_LOHI handling
Reuse the existing KnownBits multiplication code to handle the 'extend + multiply + extract high bits' pattern for multiply-high ops.

Noticed while looking at the codegen for D88785 / D98587 - the patch helps division-by-constant expansion code in particular, which suggests that we might have some further KnownBits div/rem cases we could handle - but this was far easier to implement.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D98857
2021-03-19 16:02:31 +00:00
Piotr Sobczak
62d8b8a225 Fix 64-bit copy to SCC
Fix 64-bit copy to SCC by restricting the pattern resulting
in such a copy to subtargets supporting 64-bit scalar compare,
and mapping the copy to S_CMP_LG_U64.

Before introducing the S_CSELECT pattern with explicit SCC
(0045786f146e78afee49eee053dc29ebc842fee1), there was no need
for handling 64-bit copy to SCC ($scc = COPY sreg_64).

The proposed handling to read only the low bits was however
based on a false premise that it is only one bit that matters,
while in fact the copy source might be a vector of booleans and
all bits need to be considered.

The practical problem of mapping the 64-bit copy to SCC is that
the natural instruction to use (S_CMP_LG_U64) is not available
on old hardware. Fix it by restricting the problematic pattern
to subtargets supporting the instruction (hasScalarCompareEq64).

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D85207
2020-08-09 20:50:30 +02:00
Jay Foad
62fd7f767c [MachineScheduler] Fix the TopDepth/BotHeightReduce latency heuristics
tryLatency compares two sched candidates. For the top zone it prefers
the one with lesser depth, but only if that depth is greater than the
total latency of the instructions we've already scheduled -- otherwise
its latency would be hidden and there would be no stall.

Unfortunately it only tests the depth of one of the candidates. This can
lead to situations where the TopDepthReduce heuristic does not kick in,
but a lower priority heuristic chooses the other candidate, whose depth
*is* greater than the already scheduled latency, which causes a stall.

The fix is to apply the heuristic if the depth of *either* candidate is
greater than the already scheduled latency.

All this also applies to the BotHeightReduce heuristic in the bottom
zone.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D72392
2020-07-17 11:02:13 +01:00
Piotr Sobczak
0045786f14 [AMDGPU] Select s_cselect
Summary:
Add patterns to select s_cselect in the isel.

Handle more cases of implicit SCC accesses in si-fix-sgpr-copies
to allow new patterns to work.

Subscribers: arsenm, kzhuravl, jvesely, wdng, nhaehnle, yaxunl, dstuttard, tpr, t-tye, hiraditya, asbirlea, kerbowa, llvm-commits

Tags: #llvm

Re-commit D81925 with a bugfix D82370.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D81925
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D82370
2020-06-25 10:38:23 +02:00
Matt Arsenault
778351df77 Revert "[AMDGPU] Enable compare operations to be selected by divergence"
This reverts commit 521ac0b5cea02f629d035f807460affbb65ae7ad.

Reported to break thousands of piglit tests.
2020-06-24 11:21:30 -04:00
alex-t
521ac0b5ce [AMDGPU] Enable compare operations to be selected by divergence
Summary: Details: This patch enables SETCC to be selected to S_CMP_* if uniform and V_CMP_* if divergent.

Reviewers: rampitec, arsenm

Reviewed By: rampitec

Subscribers: kzhuravl, jvesely, wdng, nhaehnle, yaxunl, dstuttard, tpr, t-tye, hiraditya, kerbowa, llvm-commits

Tags: #llvm

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D82194
2020-06-24 11:50:40 +03:00
Piotr Sobczak
6d9565d6d5 Revert "[AMDGPU] Select s_cselect"
This caused some failures detected by the buildbot with
expensive checks enabled.

This reverts commit 4067de569f119a81419fbf2e79d5f3307dfdda5b.
2020-06-19 16:41:04 +02:00
Piotr Sobczak
4067de569f [AMDGPU] Select s_cselect
Summary:
Add patterns to select s_cselect in the isel.

Handle more cases of implicit SCC accesses in si-fix-sgpr-copies
to allow new patterns to work.

Subscribers: arsenm, kzhuravl, jvesely, wdng, nhaehnle, yaxunl, dstuttard, tpr, t-tye, hiraditya, asbirlea, kerbowa, llvm-commits

Tags: #llvm

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D81925
2020-06-19 16:17:46 +02:00
alex-t
5b898bddff [AMDGPU] Enable carry out ADD/SUB operations divergence driven instruction selection.
Summary: This change enables all kind of carry out ISD opcodes to be selected according to the node divergence.

Reviewers: rampitec, arsenm, vpykhtin

Reviewed By: rampitec

Subscribers: kzhuravl, jvesely, wdng, nhaehnle, yaxunl, dstuttard, tpr, t-tye, hiraditya, kerbowa, llvm-commits

Tags: #llvm

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D78091
2020-05-04 16:42:25 +03:00
Konstantin Pyzhov
72e8754916 [AMDGPU] Disable 'Skip Uniform Regions' optimization by default for AMDGPU.
Reviewers: sameerds, dstuttard

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D77228
2020-04-06 09:05:58 -04:00
Konstantin Pyzhov
51dc028314 Revert e1730cfeb3588f20dcf4a96b181ad52761666e52 2020-04-06 05:56:11 -04:00
Konstantin Pyzhov
e1730cfeb3 [AMDGPU] Disable 'Skip Uniform Regions' optimization by default for AMDGPU.
Reviewers: sameerds, dstuttard

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D77228
2020-04-06 05:10:37 -04:00
alex-t
6e34e71869 [AMDGPU] Enable divergence driven ISel for ADD/SUB i64
Summary:
Currently we custom select add/sub with carry out to scalar form relying on later replacing them to vector form if necessary.
This change enables custom selection code to take the divergence of adde/addc SDNodes into account and select the appropriate form in one step.

Reviewers: arsenm, vpykhtin, rampitec

Reviewed By: arsenm, vpykhtin

Subscribers: kzhuravl, jvesely, wdng, nhaehnle, yaxunl, dstuttard, tpr, t-tye, hiraditya, kerbowa

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D76371
2020-03-20 17:06:11 +03:00
Jay Foad
a46dba24fa [AMDGPU] Extend macro fusion for ADDC and SUBB to SUBBREV
Summary:
There's a lot of test case churn but the overall effect is to increase
the number of back-to-back v_sub,v_subbrev pairs, which can execute with
no delay even on gfx10.

Reviewers: arsenm, rampitec, nhaehnle

Subscribers: kzhuravl, jvesely, wdng, yaxunl, dstuttard, tpr, t-tye, hiraditya, kerbowa, llvm-commits

Tags: #llvm

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D75999
2020-03-11 17:59:21 +00:00
Jay Foad
43830790d7 [AMDGPU] Remove dubious logic in bidirectional list scheduler
Summary:
pickNodeBidirectional tried to compare the best top candidate and the
best bottom candidate by examining TopCand.Reason and BotCand.Reason.
This is unsound because, after calling pickNodeFromQueue, Cand.Reason
does not reflect the most important reason why Cand was chosen. Rather
it reflects the most recent reason why it beat some other potential
candidate, which could have been for some low priority tie breaker
reason.

I have seen this cause problems where TopCand is a good candidate, but
because TopCand.Reason is ORDER (which is very low priority) it is
repeatedly ignored in favour of a mediocre BotCand. This is not how
bidirectional scheduling is supposed to work.

To fix this I changed the code to always compare TopCand and BotCand
directly, like the generic implementation of pickNodeBidirectional does.
This removes some uncommented AMDGPU-specific logic; if this logic turns
out to be important then perhaps it could be moved into an override of
tryCandidate instead.

Graphics shader benchmarking on gfx10 shows a lot more positive than
negative effects from this change.

Reviewers: arsenm, tstellar, rampitec, kzhuravl, vpykhtin, dstuttard, tpr, atrick, MatzeB

Subscribers: jvesely, wdng, nhaehnle, yaxunl, t-tye, hiraditya, llvm-commits

Tags: #llvm

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D68338
2020-02-28 21:35:34 +00:00
Matt Arsenault
4bb0c8f91c AMDGPU: Enable integer division bypass
We probably want this, and I've meant to turn this on for a long
time. SC actually emits a special case to early-out for a 1
denominator, which perhaps should also be considered.
2020-02-19 17:50:19 -05:00
Simon Pilgrim
4af8db317d [AMDGPU] performCvtF32UByteNCombine - add SHL and SimplifyMultipleUseDemandedBits support
This is part of the work to remove SelectionDAG::GetDemandedBits and just use SimplifyMultipleUseDemandedBits.

Recent experiments raised some v_cvt_f32_ubyte*_e32 regressions, so I've added some additional abilities to performCvtF32UByteNCombine to help unpack byte data more aggressively.

We still don't remove all OR(SHL,SRL) patterns as some of the regenerated nodes don't get combined again, but we are getting closer.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D74786
2020-02-19 11:45:57 +00:00
Tim Renouf
1e926a9f9c [AMDGPU] Fix some tests that did not specify -mcpu
Summary:
This fixes some tests that did not specify -mcpu. Doing that disables
all subtarget features, which gives behavior that (a) does not
necessarily correspond to any actual target, and (b) can change as we
add new subtarget features.

Also added gfx1010 to memtime test.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D74594

Change-Id: I8c0fe4fa03e9a93ef8bb722cd42d22e064526309
2020-02-17 14:02:32 +00:00
Matt Arsenault
65dbdc329f AMDGPU: Don't preserve analyses with div64 IR expansion
The dominator tree needs to be updated, but that isn't handled now.
2020-02-14 20:06:02 -05:00
Matt Arsenault
34d9a16e54 AMDGPU: Add option to expand 64-bit integer division in IR
I didn't realize we were already expanding 24/32-bit division here
already. Use the available IntegerDivision utilities. This uses loops,
so produces significantly smaller code than the inline DAG expansion.

This now requires width reductions of 64-bit divisions before
introducing the expanded loops.

This helps work around missing legalization in GlobalISel for
division, which are the only remaining core instructions that didn't
work at all.

I think this is plausibly a better implementation than exists in the
DAG, although turning it on by default misses out on the constant
value optimizations and also needs benchmarking.
2020-02-14 11:16:08 -08:00
Matt Arsenault
317fdcd09a AMDGPU: Cleanup and generate 64-bit div tests
Split out r600 tests, and try to be more consistent with
coverage. Cover a few more cases for 24-bit optimization and
constants.
2020-01-20 17:19:39 -05:00