c16adb0dcb
Currently, the NVPTX tool compilation path only calls `ptxas`; thus, the GPU running the binary must be an exact match of the arch of the target, or else the runtime throws an error due to the arch mismatch. This patch adds a call to `fatbinary`, creating a fat binary with the cubin object and the PTX code, allowing the driver to JIT the PTX at runtime if there's an arch mismatch.
576 lines
21 KiB
C++
576 lines
21 KiB
C++
//===- Target.cpp - MLIR LLVM NVVM target compilation -----------*- C++ -*-===//
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//
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// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
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// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
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// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
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//
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//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
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//
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// This files defines NVVM target related functions including registration
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// calls for the `#nvvm.target` compilation attribute.
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//
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//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
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#include "mlir/Target/LLVM/NVVM/Target.h"
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#include "mlir/Dialect/GPU/IR/GPUDialect.h"
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#include "mlir/Dialect/LLVMIR/NVVMDialect.h"
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#include "mlir/Target/LLVM/NVVM/Utils.h"
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#include "mlir/Target/LLVMIR/Dialect/GPU/GPUToLLVMIRTranslation.h"
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#include "mlir/Target/LLVMIR/Dialect/LLVMIR/LLVMToLLVMIRTranslation.h"
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#include "mlir/Target/LLVMIR/Dialect/NVVM/NVVMToLLVMIRTranslation.h"
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#include "mlir/Target/LLVMIR/Export.h"
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#include "llvm/Support/FileSystem.h"
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#include "llvm/Support/FileUtilities.h"
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#include "llvm/Support/FormatVariadic.h"
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#include "llvm/Support/MemoryBuffer.h"
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#include "llvm/Support/Path.h"
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#include "llvm/Support/Process.h"
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#include "llvm/Support/Program.h"
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#include "llvm/Support/TargetSelect.h"
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#include <cstdlib>
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using namespace mlir;
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using namespace mlir::NVVM;
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#ifndef __DEFAULT_CUDATOOLKIT_PATH__
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#define __DEFAULT_CUDATOOLKIT_PATH__ ""
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#endif
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namespace {
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// Implementation of the `TargetAttrInterface` model.
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class NVVMTargetAttrImpl
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: public gpu::TargetAttrInterface::FallbackModel<NVVMTargetAttrImpl> {
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public:
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std::optional<SmallVector<char, 0>>
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serializeToObject(Attribute attribute, Operation *module,
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const gpu::TargetOptions &options) const;
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};
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} // namespace
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// Register the NVVM dialect, the NVVM translation & the target interface.
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void mlir::NVVM::registerNVVMTargetInterfaceExternalModels(
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DialectRegistry ®istry) {
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registry.addExtension(+[](MLIRContext *ctx, NVVM::NVVMDialect *dialect) {
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NVVMTargetAttr::attachInterface<NVVMTargetAttrImpl>(*ctx);
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});
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}
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void mlir::NVVM::registerNVVMTargetInterfaceExternalModels(
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MLIRContext &context) {
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DialectRegistry registry;
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registerNVVMTargetInterfaceExternalModels(registry);
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context.appendDialectRegistry(registry);
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}
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// Search for the CUDA toolkit path.
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StringRef mlir::NVVM::getCUDAToolkitPath() {
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if (const char *var = std::getenv("CUDA_ROOT"))
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return var;
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if (const char *var = std::getenv("CUDA_HOME"))
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return var;
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if (const char *var = std::getenv("CUDA_PATH"))
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return var;
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return __DEFAULT_CUDATOOLKIT_PATH__;
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}
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SerializeGPUModuleBase::SerializeGPUModuleBase(
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Operation &module, NVVMTargetAttr target,
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const gpu::TargetOptions &targetOptions)
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: ModuleToObject(module, target.getTriple(), target.getChip(),
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target.getFeatures(), target.getO()),
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target(target), toolkitPath(targetOptions.getToolkitPath()),
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fileList(targetOptions.getLinkFiles()) {
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// If `targetOptions` have an empty toolkitPath use `getCUDAToolkitPath`
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if (toolkitPath.empty())
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toolkitPath = getCUDAToolkitPath();
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// Append the files in the target attribute.
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if (ArrayAttr files = target.getLink())
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for (Attribute attr : files.getValue())
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if (auto file = dyn_cast<StringAttr>(attr))
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fileList.push_back(file.str());
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// Append libdevice to the files to be loaded.
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(void)appendStandardLibs();
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}
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void SerializeGPUModuleBase::init() {
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static llvm::once_flag initializeBackendOnce;
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llvm::call_once(initializeBackendOnce, []() {
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// If the `NVPTX` LLVM target was built, initialize it.
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#if MLIR_CUDA_CONVERSIONS_ENABLED == 1
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LLVMInitializeNVPTXTarget();
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LLVMInitializeNVPTXTargetInfo();
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LLVMInitializeNVPTXTargetMC();
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LLVMInitializeNVPTXAsmPrinter();
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#endif
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});
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}
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NVVMTargetAttr SerializeGPUModuleBase::getTarget() const { return target; }
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StringRef SerializeGPUModuleBase::getToolkitPath() const { return toolkitPath; }
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ArrayRef<std::string> SerializeGPUModuleBase::getFileList() const {
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return fileList;
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}
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// Try to append `libdevice` from a CUDA toolkit installation.
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LogicalResult SerializeGPUModuleBase::appendStandardLibs() {
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StringRef pathRef = getToolkitPath();
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if (!pathRef.empty()) {
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SmallVector<char, 256> path;
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path.insert(path.begin(), pathRef.begin(), pathRef.end());
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pathRef = StringRef(path.data(), path.size());
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if (!llvm::sys::fs::is_directory(pathRef)) {
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getOperation().emitError() << "CUDA path: " << pathRef
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<< " does not exist or is not a directory.\n";
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return failure();
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}
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llvm::sys::path::append(path, "nvvm", "libdevice", "libdevice.10.bc");
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pathRef = StringRef(path.data(), path.size());
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if (!llvm::sys::fs::is_regular_file(pathRef)) {
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getOperation().emitError() << "LibDevice path: " << pathRef
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<< " does not exist or is not a file.\n";
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return failure();
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}
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fileList.push_back(pathRef.str());
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}
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return success();
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}
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std::optional<SmallVector<std::unique_ptr<llvm::Module>>>
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SerializeGPUModuleBase::loadBitcodeFiles(llvm::Module &module,
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llvm::TargetMachine &targetMachine) {
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SmallVector<std::unique_ptr<llvm::Module>> bcFiles;
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if (failed(loadBitcodeFilesFromList(module.getContext(), targetMachine,
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fileList, bcFiles, true)))
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return std::nullopt;
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return std::move(bcFiles);
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}
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#if MLIR_CUDA_CONVERSIONS_ENABLED == 1
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namespace {
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class NVPTXSerializer : public SerializeGPUModuleBase {
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public:
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NVPTXSerializer(Operation &module, NVVMTargetAttr target,
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const gpu::TargetOptions &targetOptions);
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gpu::GPUModuleOp getOperation();
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// Compile PTX to cubin using `ptxas`.
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std::optional<SmallVector<char, 0>>
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compileToBinary(const std::string &ptxCode);
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// Compile PTX to cubin using the `nvptxcompiler` library.
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std::optional<SmallVector<char, 0>>
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compileToBinaryNVPTX(const std::string &ptxCode);
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std::optional<SmallVector<char, 0>>
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moduleToObject(llvm::Module &llvmModule,
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llvm::TargetMachine &targetMachine) override;
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private:
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using TmpFile = std::pair<llvm::SmallString<128>, llvm::FileRemover>;
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// Create a temp file.
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std::optional<TmpFile> createTemp(StringRef name, StringRef suffix);
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// Find the `tool` path, where `tool` is the name of the binary to search,
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// i.e. `ptxas` or `fatbinary`. The search order is:
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// 1. The toolkit path in `targetOptions`.
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// 2. In the system PATH.
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// 3. The path from `getCUDAToolkitPath()`.
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std::optional<std::string> findTool(StringRef tool);
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// Target options.
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gpu::TargetOptions targetOptions;
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};
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} // namespace
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NVPTXSerializer::NVPTXSerializer(Operation &module, NVVMTargetAttr target,
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const gpu::TargetOptions &targetOptions)
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: SerializeGPUModuleBase(module, target, targetOptions),
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targetOptions(targetOptions) {}
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std::optional<NVPTXSerializer::TmpFile>
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NVPTXSerializer::createTemp(StringRef name, StringRef suffix) {
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llvm::SmallString<128> filename;
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std::error_code ec =
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llvm::sys::fs::createTemporaryFile(name, suffix, filename);
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if (ec) {
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getOperation().emitError() << "Couldn't create the temp file: `" << filename
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<< "`, error message: " << ec.message();
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return std::nullopt;
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}
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return TmpFile(filename, llvm::FileRemover(filename.c_str()));
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}
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gpu::GPUModuleOp NVPTXSerializer::getOperation() {
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return dyn_cast<gpu::GPUModuleOp>(&SerializeGPUModuleBase::getOperation());
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}
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std::optional<std::string> NVPTXSerializer::findTool(StringRef tool) {
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// Find the `tool` path.
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// 1. Check the toolkit path given in the command line.
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StringRef pathRef = targetOptions.getToolkitPath();
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SmallVector<char, 256> path;
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if (pathRef.size()) {
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path.insert(path.begin(), pathRef.begin(), pathRef.end());
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llvm::sys::path::append(path, "bin", tool);
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if (llvm::sys::fs::can_execute(path))
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return StringRef(path.data(), path.size()).str();
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}
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// 2. Check PATH.
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if (std::optional<std::string> ptxasCompiler =
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llvm::sys::Process::FindInEnvPath("PATH", tool))
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return *ptxasCompiler;
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// 3. Check `getCUDAToolkitPath()`.
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pathRef = getCUDAToolkitPath();
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path.clear();
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if (pathRef.size()) {
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path.insert(path.begin(), pathRef.begin(), pathRef.end());
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llvm::sys::path::append(path, "bin", tool);
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if (llvm::sys::fs::can_execute(path))
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return StringRef(path.data(), path.size()).str();
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}
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getOperation().emitError()
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<< "Couldn't find the `" << tool
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<< "` binary. Please specify the toolkit "
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"path, add the compiler to $PATH, or set one of the environment "
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"variables in `NVVM::getCUDAToolkitPath()`.";
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return std::nullopt;
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}
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// TODO: clean this method & have a generic tool driver or never emit binaries
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// with this mechanism and let another stage take care of it.
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std::optional<SmallVector<char, 0>>
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NVPTXSerializer::compileToBinary(const std::string &ptxCode) {
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// Determine if the serializer should create a fatbinary with the PTX embeded
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// or a simple CUBIN binary.
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const bool createFatbin =
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(targetOptions.getCompilationTarget() & gpu::TargetOptions::fatbinary) ==
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gpu::TargetOptions::fatbinary;
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// Find the `ptxas` & `fatbinary` tools.
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std::optional<std::string> ptxasCompiler = findTool("ptxas");
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if (!ptxasCompiler)
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return std::nullopt;
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std::optional<std::string> fatbinaryTool = findTool("fatbinary");
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if (createFatbin && !fatbinaryTool)
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return std::nullopt;
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Location loc = getOperation().getLoc();
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// Base name for all temp files: mlir-<module name>-<target triple>-<chip>.
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std::string basename =
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llvm::formatv("mlir-{0}-{1}-{2}", getOperation().getNameAttr().getValue(),
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getTarget().getTriple(), getTarget().getChip());
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// Create temp files:
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std::optional<TmpFile> ptxFile = createTemp(basename, "ptx");
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if (!ptxFile)
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return std::nullopt;
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std::optional<TmpFile> logFile = createTemp(basename, "log");
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if (!logFile)
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return std::nullopt;
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std::optional<TmpFile> binaryFile = createTemp(basename, "bin");
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if (!binaryFile)
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return std::nullopt;
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TmpFile cubinFile;
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if (createFatbin) {
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Twine cubinFilename = ptxFile->first + ".cubin";
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cubinFile = TmpFile(cubinFilename.str(), llvm::FileRemover(cubinFilename));
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} else {
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cubinFile.first = binaryFile->first;
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}
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std::error_code ec;
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// Dump the PTX to a temp file.
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{
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llvm::raw_fd_ostream ptxStream(ptxFile->first, ec);
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if (ec) {
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emitError(loc) << "Couldn't open the file: `" << ptxFile->first
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<< "`, error message: " << ec.message();
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return std::nullopt;
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}
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ptxStream << ptxCode;
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if (ptxStream.has_error()) {
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emitError(loc) << "An error occurred while writing the PTX to: `"
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<< ptxFile->first << "`.";
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return std::nullopt;
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}
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ptxStream.flush();
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}
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// Command redirects.
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std::optional<StringRef> redirects[] = {
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std::nullopt,
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logFile->first,
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logFile->first,
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};
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// Get any extra args passed in `targetOptions`.
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std::pair<llvm::BumpPtrAllocator, SmallVector<const char *>> cmdOpts =
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targetOptions.tokenizeCmdOptions();
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// Create ptxas args.
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std::string optLevel = std::to_string(this->optLevel);
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SmallVector<StringRef, 12> ptxasArgs(
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{StringRef("ptxas"), StringRef("-arch"), getTarget().getChip(),
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StringRef(ptxFile->first), StringRef("-o"), StringRef(cubinFile.first),
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"--opt-level", optLevel});
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bool useFatbin32 = false;
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for (auto cArg : cmdOpts.second) {
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// All `cmdOpts` are for `ptxas` except `-32` which passes `-32` to
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// `fatbinary`, indicating a 32-bit target. By default a 64-bit target is
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// assumed.
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if (StringRef arg(cArg); arg != "-32")
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ptxasArgs.push_back(arg);
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else
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useFatbin32 = true;
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}
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// Create the `fatbinary` args.
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StringRef chip = getTarget().getChip();
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// Remove the arch prefix to obtain the compute capability.
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chip.consume_front("sm_"), chip.consume_front("compute_");
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// Embed the cubin object.
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std::string cubinArg =
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llvm::formatv("--image3=kind=elf,sm={0},file={1}", chip, cubinFile.first)
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.str();
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// Embed the PTX file so the driver can JIT if needed.
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std::string ptxArg =
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llvm::formatv("--image3=kind=ptx,sm={0},file={1}", chip, ptxFile->first)
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.str();
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SmallVector<StringRef, 6> fatbinArgs({StringRef("fatbinary"),
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useFatbin32 ? "-32" : "-64", cubinArg,
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ptxArg, "--create", binaryFile->first});
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// Dump tool invocation commands.
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#define DEBUG_TYPE "serialize-to-binary"
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LLVM_DEBUG({
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llvm::dbgs() << "Tool invocation for module: "
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<< getOperation().getNameAttr() << "\n";
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llvm::interleave(ptxasArgs, llvm::dbgs(), " ");
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llvm::dbgs() << "\n";
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if (createFatbin) {
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llvm::interleave(fatbinArgs, llvm::dbgs(), " ");
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llvm::dbgs() << "\n";
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}
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});
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#undef DEBUG_TYPE
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// Helper function for printing tool error logs.
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std::string message;
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auto emitLogError =
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[&](StringRef toolName) -> std::optional<SmallVector<char, 0>> {
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if (message.empty()) {
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llvm::ErrorOr<std::unique_ptr<llvm::MemoryBuffer>> toolStderr =
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llvm::MemoryBuffer::getFile(logFile->first);
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if (toolStderr)
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emitError(loc) << toolName << " invocation failed. Log:\n"
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<< toolStderr->get()->getBuffer();
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else
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emitError(loc) << toolName << " invocation failed.";
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return std::nullopt;
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}
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emitError(loc) << toolName
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<< " invocation failed, error message: " << message;
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return std::nullopt;
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};
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// Invoke PTXAS.
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if (llvm::sys::ExecuteAndWait(ptxasCompiler.value(), ptxasArgs,
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/*Env=*/std::nullopt,
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/*Redirects=*/redirects,
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/*SecondsToWait=*/0,
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/*MemoryLimit=*/0,
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/*ErrMsg=*/&message))
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return emitLogError("`ptxas`");
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// Invoke `fatbin`.
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message.clear();
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if (createFatbin && llvm::sys::ExecuteAndWait(*fatbinaryTool, fatbinArgs,
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/*Env=*/std::nullopt,
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/*Redirects=*/redirects,
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/*SecondsToWait=*/0,
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/*MemoryLimit=*/0,
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/*ErrMsg=*/&message))
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return emitLogError("`fatbinary`");
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// Dump the output of the tools, helpful if the verbose flag was passed.
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#define DEBUG_TYPE "serialize-to-binary"
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LLVM_DEBUG({
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llvm::ErrorOr<std::unique_ptr<llvm::MemoryBuffer>> logBuffer =
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llvm::MemoryBuffer::getFile(logFile->first);
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if (logBuffer && (*logBuffer)->getBuffer().size()) {
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llvm::dbgs() << "Output:\n" << (*logBuffer)->getBuffer() << "\n";
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llvm::dbgs().flush();
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}
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});
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#undef DEBUG_TYPE
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// Read the fatbin.
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llvm::ErrorOr<std::unique_ptr<llvm::MemoryBuffer>> binaryBuffer =
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llvm::MemoryBuffer::getFile(binaryFile->first);
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if (!binaryBuffer) {
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emitError(loc) << "Couldn't open the file: `" << binaryFile->first
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<< "`, error message: " << binaryBuffer.getError().message();
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return std::nullopt;
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}
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StringRef fatbin = (*binaryBuffer)->getBuffer();
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return SmallVector<char, 0>(fatbin.begin(), fatbin.end());
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}
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#if MLIR_NVPTXCOMPILER_ENABLED == 1
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#include "nvPTXCompiler.h"
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#define RETURN_ON_NVPTXCOMPILER_ERROR(expr) \
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do { \
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if (auto status = (expr)) { \
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emitError(loc) << llvm::Twine(#expr).concat(" failed with error code ") \
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<< status; \
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return std::nullopt; \
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} \
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} while (false)
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std::optional<SmallVector<char, 0>>
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NVPTXSerializer::compileToBinaryNVPTX(const std::string &ptxCode) {
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Location loc = getOperation().getLoc();
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nvPTXCompilerHandle compiler = nullptr;
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nvPTXCompileResult status;
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size_t logSize;
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// Create the options.
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std::string optLevel = std::to_string(this->optLevel);
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std::pair<llvm::BumpPtrAllocator, SmallVector<const char *>> cmdOpts =
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targetOptions.tokenizeCmdOptions();
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cmdOpts.second.append(
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{"-arch", getTarget().getChip().data(), "--opt-level", optLevel.c_str()});
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// Create the compiler handle.
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RETURN_ON_NVPTXCOMPILER_ERROR(
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nvPTXCompilerCreate(&compiler, ptxCode.size(), ptxCode.c_str()));
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// Try to compile the binary.
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status = nvPTXCompilerCompile(compiler, cmdOpts.second.size(),
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cmdOpts.second.data());
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|
|
// Check if compilation failed.
|
|
if (status != NVPTXCOMPILE_SUCCESS) {
|
|
RETURN_ON_NVPTXCOMPILER_ERROR(
|
|
nvPTXCompilerGetErrorLogSize(compiler, &logSize));
|
|
if (logSize != 0) {
|
|
SmallVector<char> log(logSize + 1, 0);
|
|
RETURN_ON_NVPTXCOMPILER_ERROR(
|
|
nvPTXCompilerGetErrorLog(compiler, log.data()));
|
|
emitError(loc) << "NVPTX compiler invocation failed, error log: "
|
|
<< log.data();
|
|
} else
|
|
emitError(loc) << "NVPTX compiler invocation failed with error code: "
|
|
<< status;
|
|
return std::nullopt;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// Retrieve the binary.
|
|
size_t elfSize;
|
|
RETURN_ON_NVPTXCOMPILER_ERROR(
|
|
nvPTXCompilerGetCompiledProgramSize(compiler, &elfSize));
|
|
SmallVector<char, 0> binary(elfSize, 0);
|
|
RETURN_ON_NVPTXCOMPILER_ERROR(
|
|
nvPTXCompilerGetCompiledProgram(compiler, (void *)binary.data()));
|
|
|
|
// Dump the log of the compiler, helpful if the verbose flag was passed.
|
|
#define DEBUG_TYPE "serialize-to-binary"
|
|
LLVM_DEBUG({
|
|
RETURN_ON_NVPTXCOMPILER_ERROR(
|
|
nvPTXCompilerGetInfoLogSize(compiler, &logSize));
|
|
if (logSize != 0) {
|
|
SmallVector<char> log(logSize + 1, 0);
|
|
RETURN_ON_NVPTXCOMPILER_ERROR(
|
|
nvPTXCompilerGetInfoLog(compiler, log.data()));
|
|
llvm::dbgs() << "NVPTX compiler invocation for module: "
|
|
<< getOperation().getNameAttr() << "\n";
|
|
llvm::dbgs() << "Arguments: ";
|
|
llvm::interleave(cmdOpts.second, llvm::dbgs(), " ");
|
|
llvm::dbgs() << "\nOutput\n" << log.data() << "\n";
|
|
llvm::dbgs().flush();
|
|
}
|
|
});
|
|
#undef DEBUG_TYPE
|
|
RETURN_ON_NVPTXCOMPILER_ERROR(nvPTXCompilerDestroy(&compiler));
|
|
return binary;
|
|
}
|
|
#endif // MLIR_NVPTXCOMPILER_ENABLED == 1
|
|
|
|
std::optional<SmallVector<char, 0>>
|
|
NVPTXSerializer::moduleToObject(llvm::Module &llvmModule,
|
|
llvm::TargetMachine &targetMachine) {
|
|
// Return LLVM IR if the compilation target is offload.
|
|
#define DEBUG_TYPE "serialize-to-llvm"
|
|
LLVM_DEBUG({
|
|
llvm::dbgs() << "LLVM IR for module: " << getOperation().getNameAttr()
|
|
<< "\n";
|
|
llvm::dbgs() << llvmModule << "\n";
|
|
llvm::dbgs().flush();
|
|
});
|
|
#undef DEBUG_TYPE
|
|
if (targetOptions.getCompilationTarget() == gpu::TargetOptions::offload)
|
|
return SerializeGPUModuleBase::moduleToObject(llvmModule, targetMachine);
|
|
|
|
// Emit PTX code.
|
|
std::optional<std::string> serializedISA =
|
|
translateToISA(llvmModule, targetMachine);
|
|
if (!serializedISA) {
|
|
getOperation().emitError() << "Failed translating the module to ISA.";
|
|
return std::nullopt;
|
|
}
|
|
#define DEBUG_TYPE "serialize-to-isa"
|
|
LLVM_DEBUG({
|
|
llvm::dbgs() << "PTX for module: " << getOperation().getNameAttr() << "\n";
|
|
llvm::dbgs() << *serializedISA << "\n";
|
|
llvm::dbgs().flush();
|
|
});
|
|
#undef DEBUG_TYPE
|
|
|
|
// Return PTX if the compilation target is assembly.
|
|
if (targetOptions.getCompilationTarget() == gpu::TargetOptions::assembly)
|
|
return SmallVector<char, 0>(serializedISA->begin(), serializedISA->end());
|
|
|
|
// Compile to binary.
|
|
#if MLIR_NVPTXCOMPILER_ENABLED == 1
|
|
return compileToBinaryNVPTX(*serializedISA);
|
|
#else
|
|
return compileToBinary(*serializedISA);
|
|
#endif // MLIR_NVPTXCOMPILER_ENABLED == 1
|
|
}
|
|
#endif // MLIR_CUDA_CONVERSIONS_ENABLED == 1
|
|
|
|
std::optional<SmallVector<char, 0>>
|
|
NVVMTargetAttrImpl::serializeToObject(Attribute attribute, Operation *module,
|
|
const gpu::TargetOptions &options) const {
|
|
assert(module && "The module must be non null.");
|
|
if (!module)
|
|
return std::nullopt;
|
|
if (!mlir::isa<gpu::GPUModuleOp>(module)) {
|
|
module->emitError("Module must be a GPU module.");
|
|
return std::nullopt;
|
|
}
|
|
#if MLIR_CUDA_CONVERSIONS_ENABLED == 1
|
|
NVPTXSerializer serializer(*module, cast<NVVMTargetAttr>(attribute), options);
|
|
serializer.init();
|
|
return serializer.run();
|
|
#else
|
|
module->emitError(
|
|
"The `NVPTX` target was not built. Please enable it when building LLVM.");
|
|
return std::nullopt;
|
|
#endif // MLIR_CUDA_CONVERSIONS_ENABLED == 1
|
|
}
|