The preprocessor implements "defined(X)" and "defined X" in if/elif
directive expressions in such a way that they only work at the top
level, not when they appear in macro expansions. Fix that, which is a
little tricky due to the need to detect the "defined" keyword before
applying any macro expansion to its argument, and add a bunch of tests.
Fixes https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/114064.
850d42fb14