diff --git a/CMakeLists.txt b/CMakeLists.txt
index ebdeb2a..29a9e9b 100644
--- a/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -2,9 +2,13 @@ cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.13)
 
 add_library(picoled
   include/picoled.h
+  include/picoled/buffer.h
+  include/picoled/gfx/2D.h
   include/picoled/SSD1306.h
 
   src/picoled.cpp
+  src/buffer.cpp
+  src/2D.cpp
   src/SSD1306.cpp
 )
 
diff --git a/include/picoled.h b/include/picoled.h
index d3ed0e5..baf539e 100644
--- a/include/picoled.h
+++ b/include/picoled.h
@@ -1,33 +1,52 @@
 #ifndef PICOLED_H
 #define PICOLED_H
 
-#include <cstddef>
+#include "picoled/buffer.h"
+
 #include <cstdint>
 
 namespace picoled
 {
 
+// rgb565
 class pixel
 {
-  friend class oled;
 public:
   pixel() :
     pixel(0)
   {}
 
-  pixel(uint8_t value) :
-    value(value)
+  pixel(uint8_t grayscale) :
+    pixel(grayscale, grayscale, grayscale)
   {}
 
+  pixel(uint8_t r, uint8_t g, uint8_t b) :
+    r(r),
+    g(g),
+    b(b)
+  {}
+
+  uint8_t red() const   { return r; }
+  uint8_t green() const { return g; }
+  uint8_t blue() const  { return b; }
+
+  uint8_t grayscale() const
+  {
+    uint16_t unscaled = red() + green() + blue();
+    return unscaled / 3;
+  }
+
 private:
-  uint8_t value;
+  uint8_t r;
+  uint8_t g;
+  uint8_t b;
 };
 
 class oled
 {
 public:
   oled(size_t width, size_t height);
-  virtual ~oled();
+  virtual ~oled() = default;
 
   oled(const oled&) = delete;
   oled(oled&&) = delete;
@@ -35,26 +54,27 @@ public:
   oled& operator=(const oled&) = delete;
   oled& operator=(oled&&) = delete;
 
-  pixel& operator()(int x, int y);
-  const pixel& operator()(int x, int y) const;
-
   void clear();
 
-  size_t get_width() const { return width; }
-  size_t get_height() const { return height; }
+  size_t get_width() const { return buffer_a.get_width(); }
+  size_t get_height() const { return buffer_a.get_height(); }
 
-  void update() const;
+  void write(int x, int y, const pixel& p) { active_buffer().write(x, y, p); }
+
+  buffer<pixel>& active_buffer() { return active ? buffer_b : buffer_a; }
+
+  void update();
+  void swap_buffers();
 
 protected:
-  virtual void update_impl() const = 0;
+  virtual void update_impl() = 0;
 
-  bool is_on(int x, int y) const;
-
-  size_t width;
-  size_t height;
+  buffer<pixel>& inactive_buffer() { return active ? buffer_a : buffer_b; }
 
 private:
-  pixel* pixels;
+  bool active;
+  buffer<pixel> buffer_a;
+  buffer<pixel> buffer_b;
 };
 
 }
diff --git a/include/picoled/SSD1306.h b/include/picoled/SSD1306.h
index d991ba6..fa25d08 100644
--- a/include/picoled/SSD1306.h
+++ b/include/picoled/SSD1306.h
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ public:
   virtual ~ssd1306();
 
 protected:
-  void update_impl() const override;
+  void update_impl() override;
 
 private:
   void command(uint8_t cmd) const;
diff --git a/include/picoled/buffer.h b/include/picoled/buffer.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4ad04ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/picoled/buffer.h
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+#ifndef PICOLED_BUFFER_H
+#define PICOLED_BUFFER_H
+
+#include <cstddef>
+
+namespace picoled
+{
+
+template <typename T>
+class buffer
+{
+public:
+  // behavior when out of bounds
+  enum class ReadMode
+  {
+    Default, // use default constructor for T
+    Wrap,    // use modular arithmetic to put back in bounds
+    Clamp    // pick from the corresponding edge
+  };
+
+  buffer(size_t width, size_t height) :
+    width(width),
+    height(height),
+    data(new T[width * height])
+  {}
+  ~buffer()
+  {
+    delete[] data;
+  }
+
+  buffer(const buffer&) = delete;
+  buffer(buffer&&) = delete;
+
+  buffer& operator=(const buffer&) = delete;
+  buffer& operator=(buffer&&) = delete;
+
+  size_t get_width() const { return width; }
+  size_t get_height() const { return height; }
+
+  void write(int x, int y, const T& pixel)
+  {
+    if (x < 0 || x >= width || y < 0 || y >= height) { return; }
+
+    data[x + y * width] = pixel;
+  }
+
+  T read(int x, int y, ReadMode mode = ReadMode::Default)
+  {
+    switch (mode)
+    {
+    case ReadMode::Default:
+      return read_default(x, y);
+
+    case ReadMode::Wrap:
+      return read_wrap(x, y);
+
+    case ReadMode::Clamp:
+      return read_clamp(x, y);
+    }
+
+    return T();
+  }
+
+  void clear()
+  {
+    for (int i = 0; i < width * height; i++)
+    {
+      data[i] = T();
+    }
+  }
+
+private:
+  size_t width;
+  size_t height;
+  T* data;
+
+  T read_default(int x, int y)
+  {
+    if (x < 0 || x >= width || y < 0 || y >= height) { return T(); }
+    return data[x + y * width];
+  }
+
+  T read_wrap(int x, int y)
+  {
+    if (x < 0)
+    {
+      x = width - ((-x) % width);
+    }
+    else if (x >= width)
+    {
+      x = x % width;
+    }
+
+    if (y < 0)
+    {
+      y = height - ((-y) % height);
+    }
+    else if (y >= height)
+    {
+      y = y % height;
+    }
+
+    return data[x + y * width];
+  }
+
+  T read_clamp(int x, int y)
+  {
+    if (x < 0) { x = 0; }
+    else if (x >= width) { x = width - 1; }
+
+    if (y < 0) { y = 0; }
+    else if (y >= height) { y = height - 1; }
+
+    return data[x + y * width];
+  }
+};
+
+}
+
+#endif//PICOLED_BUFFER_H
diff --git a/include/picoled/gfx/2D.h b/include/picoled/gfx/2D.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fddf2dd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/picoled/gfx/2D.h
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+#ifndef PICOLED_GFX_2D_H
+#define PICOLED_GFX_2D_H
+
+#include "picoled.h"
+
+namespace picoled::gfx
+{
+
+class vec2
+{
+public:
+  float x;
+  float y;
+
+  vec2 operator+(const vec2& other) const { return { x + other.x, y + other.y }; }
+  vec2 operator-(const vec2& other) const { return { x - other.x, y - other.y }; }
+  vec2 operator*(const vec2& other) const { return { x * other.x, y * other.y }; }
+  vec2 operator/(const vec2& other) const { return { x / other.x, y / other.y }; }
+
+  float operator%(const vec2& other) const { return x * other.x + y * other.y; }
+  float operator^(const vec2& other) const { return x * other.y - y * other.x; }
+};
+
+class triangle
+{
+public:
+  vec2 a;
+  vec2 b;
+  vec2 c;
+
+  triangle fix_winding() const;
+  bool inside(const vec2& p) const;
+
+  vec2 min() const;
+  vec2 max() const;
+};
+
+class gfx2d
+{
+public:
+  explicit gfx2d(oled& screen) :
+    screen(&screen)
+  {}
+
+  gfx2d(const gfx2d&) = delete;
+  gfx2d(gfx2d&&) = delete;
+
+  gfx2d& operator=(const gfx2d&) = delete;
+  gfx2d& operator=(gfx2d&&) = delete;
+
+  void draw_triangle(triangle tri, pixel p = 0xFF, bool ignore_winding = true);
+
+private:
+  oled* screen;
+};
+
+}
+
+#endif//PICOLED_GFX_2D_H
diff --git a/src/2D.cpp b/src/2D.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..345ba0e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/2D.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+#include "picoled/gfx/2D.h"
+
+#include <cmath>
+
+namespace picoled::gfx
+{
+
+triangle triangle::fix_winding() const
+{
+  if (((b - a) ^ (c - a)) < 0)
+  {
+    return { a, c, b };
+  }
+  else
+  {
+    return { a, b, c };
+  }
+}
+
+bool triangle::inside(const vec2& p) const
+{
+  const float abp = (b - a) ^ (p - a);
+  const float bcp = (c - b) ^ (p - b);
+  const float cap = (a - c) ^ (p - c);
+
+  return abp >= 0 && bcp >= 0 && cap >= 0;
+}
+
+vec2 triangle::min() const
+{
+  return
+  {
+    fminf(fminf(a.x, b.x), c.x),
+    fminf(fminf(a.y, b.y), c.y)
+  };
+}
+
+vec2 triangle::max() const
+{
+  return
+  {
+    fmaxf(fmaxf(a.x, b.x), c.x),
+    fmaxf(fmaxf(a.y, b.y), c.y)
+  };
+}
+
+void gfx2d::draw_triangle(triangle tri, pixel p, bool ignore_winding)
+{
+  if (ignore_winding) { tri = tri.fix_winding(); }
+
+  const vec2 min = tri.min();
+  const vec2 max = tri.max();
+
+  for (float i = min.x; i <= max.x; i += 0.75f)
+  {
+    for (float j = min.y; j <= max.y; j += 0.75f)
+    {
+      if (tri.inside({ i, j })) { screen->write(i, j, p); }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+}
diff --git a/src/SSD1306.cpp b/src/SSD1306.cpp
index 0c26e8d..566dada 100644
--- a/src/SSD1306.cpp
+++ b/src/SSD1306.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include "picoled/SSD1306.h"
 
+#include <cstdlib>
 #include <cstring>
 
 // https://cdn-shop.adafruit.com/datasheets/SSD1306.pdf
@@ -77,18 +78,18 @@ ssd1306::~ssd1306()
   delete[] buffer;
 }
 
-void ssd1306::update_impl() const
+void ssd1306::update_impl()
 {
   // clear display to zero
-  memset(&buffer[1], 0, width * height * sizeof(*buffer));
+  memset(&buffer[1], 0, get_width() * get_height() * sizeof(*buffer));
 
-  for (int x = 0; x < width; x++)
+  for (int x = 0; x < get_width(); x++)
   {
-    for (int y = 0; y < height; y++)
+    for (int y = 0; y < get_height(); y++)
     {
-      if (!is_on(x, y)) { continue; }
+      if (inactive_buffer().read(x, y).grayscale() <= rand() % 0xFF) { continue; }
 
-      const int index = (width - x - 1) + (y / 8) * width;
+      const int index = (get_width() - x - 1) + (y / 8) * get_width();
       const uint8_t bits = 1 << (y & 7);
 
       // add one to leave room for 0x40 data indicator at beginning of array
@@ -97,8 +98,8 @@ void ssd1306::update_impl() const
   }
 
   command(PAGE_ADDRESS); command(0); command(7);
-  command(COLUMN_ADDRESS); command(0); command(width - 1);
-  i2c_write_blocking(i2c, address, buffer, width * height / 8 + 1, false);
+  command(COLUMN_ADDRESS); command(0); command(get_width() - 1);
+  i2c_write_blocking(i2c, address, buffer, get_width() * get_height() / 8 + 1, false);
 }
 
 void ssd1306::command(uint8_t cmd) const
diff --git a/src/buffer.cpp b/src/buffer.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/src/picoled.cpp b/src/picoled.cpp
index c5cfe9f..8e99ef2 100644
--- a/src/picoled.cpp
+++ b/src/picoled.cpp
@@ -1,57 +1,27 @@
 #include "picoled.h"
 
-#include <cstdlib>
-
-namespace
-{
-
-picoled::pixel DUMMY_PIXEL;
-
-}
-
 namespace picoled
 {
 
 oled::oled(size_t width, size_t height) :
-  pixels(new pixel[width * height]),
-  width(width),
-  height(height)
-{}
+  buffer_a(width, height),
+  buffer_b(width, height),
+  active(false)
+{ }
 
-oled::~oled()
-{
-  delete[] pixels;
-}
-
-
-pixel& oled::operator()(int x, int y)
-{
-  if (x < 0 || x >= width || y < 0 || y >= height) { return DUMMY_PIXEL; }
-  return pixels[x + y * width];
-}
-
-const pixel& oled::operator()(int x, int y) const
-{
-  if (x < 0 || x >= width || y < 0 || y >= height) { return DUMMY_PIXEL; }
-  return pixels[x + y * width];
-}
-
-void oled::update() const
+void oled::update()
 {
   update_impl();
 }
 
-bool oled::is_on(int x, int y) const
+void oled::swap_buffers()
 {
-  return (*this)(x, y).value > rand() % 0xFF;
+  active = !active;
 }
 
 void oled::clear()
 {
-  for (int i = 0; i < width * height; i++)
-  {
-    pixels[i] = false;
-  }
+  active_buffer().clear();
 }
 
 }